Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Iron and Ferritin Levels in Children with Dental Caries: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Sharifi, Roohollah; Tabarzadi, Mohammad Farid; Choubsaz, Parsia; Sadeghi, Masoud; Tadakamadla, Jyothi; Brand, Serge; Bahmani, Dena Sadeghi

doi:10.3390/children8111034

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The network-based visualization approach also identi ed cotinine as moderately correlated to the blood cadmium in the high lead caries subset, con rming previous studies showing the association of serum cotinine, cadmium, and caries extending the association to include the lead caries subset [13,24,25]. This approach also identi ed a moderately and highly correlated frozen serum iron hemoglobin, hemoglobin transferrin saturation and hemoglobin red cell distribution width and hematocrit in the high lead caries population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Non-ordinal categorical variables were encoded with one hot encoding technique (by creating a dummy variable for each categorical value). Speci c variables, such as serum iron and lead concentration, dietary sugar, number and severity of tooth decay were included based on existing literature and applicability to the study criteria [12][13][14]. The list of selected variables is outlined in the Table S1.…”

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Integrative Bioinformatics Pipeline for NHANES Data Processing for Machine Learning Analysis of Oral Health Outcomes

Orlenko,

Mure,

Gluch

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Large database sources, such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), while being a great utility for epidemiological studies, pose challenges for machine learning due to data heterogeneity, varied sample sizes, missing values/outliers and variations in data collection and interpretation requiring thorough data-quality assessment and cleaning. In addition, complex disease outcomes often display a high degree of clinical heterogeneity, necessitating deeper phenotypic subtyping. Here, we develop an integrated data cleaning-subtype discovery pipeline with unsupervised learning algorithms for comprehensive analysis and network-based/clustering visualization of data patterns and data outcomes. We apply this pipeline to NHANES, one of the largest curated repositories of population-level health-related indicators which includes a physical examination, blood biochemistry, self-reported surveys, and dietary intake data. We focus our investigations on dental caries which remains the most prevalent chronic disease affecting more than 3.5 billion people worldwide. Our multidimensional pipeline declutters and optimizes the NHANES data, including redundant variable types, to streamline data integration and create a ‘machine learning-ready’ version of the report. In addition, this approach reveals data patterns that led to the discovery of previously unrecognized subtypes and variables associated with the clinical phenotype heterogeneity of dental caries. We observed diverging patterns of similarity within different age groups and different variable subsets, while deriving unexpected associations of sleep deprivation and specific laboratory markers and the disease. Altogether, we report a comprehensive data processing approach that can guide the development of more precise and robust machine learning predictive models for dental caries and other health conditions from NHANES.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrative Bioinformatics Pipeline for NHANES Data Processing for Machine Learning Analysis of Oral Health Outcomes

Orlenko,

Mure,

Gluch

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Another study [55] that included 53 genes reported as being involved in DC susceptibility showed that cytokine network relevant genes, the transforming growth factor-beta family, and the matrix metalloproteinases family had important roles in tooth development and carious lesions. It is believed that the flow of saliva, pH, and chemical composition of saliva are among other important factors in the occurrence and progress of DC [56][57][58]. The present meta-analysis reported that ethnicity and type of dentition were important factors for the relationship of DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism with susceptibility to DC in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of Beta-Defensin 1 and Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Polymorphisms in Children with Dental Caries Compared to Caries-Free Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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Background and objective: Some variants in defensin beta 1 (DEFB1) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes can be associated with oral diseases. Herein, we designed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of DEFB1 (rs11362, rs1799946, and rs1800972) and MBL2 (rs7096206 and rs1800450) polymorphisms with the susceptibility to dental caries (DC) in children. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases until 3 December 2022, without any restrictions. The odds ratio (OR), along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of the effect sizes, are reported. Analyses including a subgroup analysis, a sensitivity analysis, and funnel plot analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 416 records were identified among the databases, and nine articles were entered into the meta-analysis. A significant relationship was found between the T allele of DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism and DC susceptibility, and the T allele was related to an elevated risk of DC in children (OR = 1.225; 95%CI: 1.022, 1.469; p = 0.028; I2 = 0%). No other polymorphisms were associated with DC. All articles were of moderate quality. Egger’s test in homozygous and dominant models demonstrated a significant publication bias for the association of DEFB1 rs1799946 polymorphism with DC risk. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the T allele of DEFB1 rs11362 polymorphism had an elevated risk for DC in children. However, there were only few studies that evaluated this association.

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“…Dental caries are among of the most prevalent dental diseases in children [20]. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that ID is closely associated with ECC [9,21]. In this study, we explored the effects of iron levels on the pathological charac-teristics of dental caries in a rat model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron level participates in the pathological damages of dental caries in infant rats by affecting enamel mineralization

2023

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

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Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common nutritional disease associated with early childhood caries. This study aimed to explore the role of iron levels in pathological changes of dental caries in childhood. Rats were divided into four groups based on their iron content: IDA, positive control (PC), high iron (HI), and negative control (NC). Except for the rats in the NC group, rats in the other groups were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and fed cariogenic high-sugar fodder to induce caries. Three months later, the caries status of the molars was evaluated at both the smooth and sulcal surfaces according to Keyes scores. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to reveal microstructural changes in caries. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to determine the elemental composition of the enamel and dentin. In addition, the histopathology of the salivary gland was detected using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.The results showed that rats in the PC group exhibited obvious carious lesions. The carious score was significantly higher in the IDA group than in the PC group but was lower in the HI group. SEM revealed complete destruction of the enamel and damage to the middle dentin in the IDA group. In contrast, the molars in the HI group exhibited some degree of enamel demineralization, but the underlying dentin was almost intact. In addition, the elemental compositions of the enamel and dentin were similar among the four groups, and iron was detected only in the HI group. No differences were observed in the morphological structures of the salivary glands of rats from the different groups. In conclusion, ID enhanced the pathological damage of caries, whereas HI weakened it. Iron may participate in the pathological damage caused by childhood caries by affecting enamel mineralization.

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Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Iron and Ferritin Levels in Children with Dental Caries: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

An Integrative Bioinformatics Pipeline for NHANES Data Processing for Machine Learning Analysis of Oral Health Outcomes

An Integrative Bioinformatics Pipeline for NHANES Data Processing for Machine Learning Analysis of Oral Health Outcomes

Evaluation of Beta-Defensin 1 and Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Polymorphisms in Children with Dental Caries Compared to Caries-Free Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Iron level participates in the pathological damages of dental caries in infant rats by affecting enamel mineralization

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