Evaluation of serum vitamin D levels in COVID-19 positive critically ill adults

Abstract

Background: Contradictory evidence exists regarding the association between serum vitamin D levels and the severity and outcomes in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients. We undertook the present study to evaluate the serum vitamin D levels with the other laboratory biomarkers, and the outcomes in our critically ill patients. Methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out in 58 critically ill adults. Details on their demographics, laboratory parameters such as 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, interleukin-6, serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase (CK), D-dimer, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, procalcitonin, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were retrieved. Serum 25(OH)D levels were categorized as follows: ≥50 nmol/L – normal; 30–49 – insufficient; and <30 nmol/L – deficient. Post-hoc, we also compared the outcomes between those with 25(OH)D levels of 80 nmol/L and above, with those of <80 nmol/L. Results: Fifty-eight patients were recruited of which 31 (53.4%) died. Mean ± SD serum 25(OH)D levels amongst the study participants were 48.5 ± 27.7 nmol/L. Twenty-two (37.9%) individuals had insufficient 25(OH)D levels, and 15 (25.9%) were deficient. Eight (13.8%) participants had their serum 25(OH)D levels ≥80 nmol/L. Median (range) 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between those who died compared to those alive [41 (20–162) vs. 41 (17–86) nmol/L; p = 0.8]. Significantly higher D-dimer levels were observed amongst those with <80 nmol/L serum 25(OH)D levels. No significant differences were observed between 25(OH)D and other laboratory biomarkers except for elevated CK in patients with insufficient 25(OH)D levels. Conclusion: We did not observe any significant differences in the serum 25(OH)D levels amongst our critically ill adults who died and who were alive at the time of their admission.

Correlation between vitamin D level and severity of prognostic markers in Egyptian COVID-19 patients: a cohort study

“…Our work is in contrast to Ola Alsegai et al [ 14 ]. The researchers did not observe any significant differences in the serum 25(OH)D levels among our critically ill adults who died and who were alive at the time of their admission, and there were significant differences in serum vitamin D and inflammatory markers (CRP and serum ferritin).…”

Kajian Literatur: Suplementasi Vitamin D Mengurangi Tingkat Keparahan serta Mencegah dan Mengobati COVID-19

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan Bychinin et al (2021) dan Karahan and Katkat (2021) menyebutkan bahwa kadar 25(OH)D pada pasien yang meninggal lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan pasien yang hidup. Namun, empat penelitian menyebutkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan mengenai kadar 25(OH)D pada pasien meninggal dan pasien hidup, yaitu penelitian Alsegai et al (2021), Arvinte et al (2020), Tehrani et al (2021), dan Zafar et al (2021). Defisiensi vitamin D meningkatkan keparahan COVID-19, sehingga dapat disarankan pemberian suplementasi vitamin D untuk mengurangi keparahan tersebut.…”