Evaluation of Shatt Al-Arab River Using Organic Pollution Index

Abstract

The current study has evaluated Shatt Al-Arab water using organic pollution index. The study included three stations, the first Al-Sharash, the second Al-Salhiya and the third area Al-Dweab. Water samples were monthly collected from December 2017 to November 2018. Five environmental parameters were used to calculate the organic pollution index (OPI) including Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Active nitrate (NO3), Ammonium ion (NH4) and Total Phosphate (TP). The highest biological oxygen demand was 9 mg.l-1 at Al-Sharash station in July and the lowest values 1mg.l-1 in the Al- Dweab station during December, January, February and April. The highest chemical oxygen demand (250 mg.l-1 was recorded at Al-Sharash station in September and the lowest value was 6.2 mg.l-1 in Al-Dweab station during December. Nitrates was recorded the highest value 41.51 mg nitrogen-nitrate.l-1 at Al-Salhiya station in May and lowest value 1.49 mg nitrogen- nitrate.l-1 at Al-Sharash station during December. The ammonium ion was recorded in highest value 7.7 mg.l-1 at Al- Salhiya station in December and the lowest value 0.5 mg. l-1 at Al-Sharash station during June, while phosphate value was 0.23 and 1.99 mg.l-1 were recorded at Al-Sharash station in August and July respectively. The highest value of organic pollution index was 2.56 at Al-Salihiya station in August and lowest value 0.69 in the Al-Dweab station in April, while the annual rate of organic pollution index for the first, second and third stations were 1.55, 1.81 and 1.47 respectively, and 1.61 for Shatt Al-Arab water.

New model of long-term changes in spatiotemporal patterns of water quality across Shatt-Al-Arab River by applying GIS technique, from 1976 to 2020

“…Also, the Global Positioning System (GPS) waypoint is documented for spatial reference at each location. However, the data collected by previous researchers for more than four decades were also aggregated, prepared and used in this study, such as Hameed (1977), Al-Awadi (1983), Al-Aubaidy and Al-Hello (1996), Hussein and Attee (2000), Jassim (1999), Al-Essa (2004), Hammadi (2010), andLazem (2014). Therefore, the study was divided into eight periods according to available data.…”

Assessment of Water Quality Using Organic Pollution Index in Some Marshes North of Basra Province

“…[13] cited that power generation plants had a clear impact on the water quality of the Shatt al-Arab River and its suitability for various purposes under a high level of organic pollution during the summer and winter seasons indicated the quality of the Shatt al-Arab waterfalls. [14] evaluated the organic pollution of Shatt al-Arab water from 2017 to 2018 through the three stations of Al-Dweab, Al-Sharash, and Al-Salhiya. As observed from the results, the water was organically polluted, and Al-Salhiya is the worst polluted station.…”

The external glutamic acid application results in significant effects on some characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

“…Breeding and introduction of new varieties of sunflower in Iraq are needed to test them in terms of biological and agronomic characteristics and quality in Iraq and anywhere exposed to these new varieties. In the view of selecting suitable varieties for specific areas, scientific experiments were performed among others by Hamza et al (2011), Nasralla et al (2014), Al-Waeli et al (2018), Abdel-Hafeez et al (2019, Aljubouri et al (2019), Al-Ramadan et al (2021 in a similar temperate climate to Anbar. The difference in characteristics of the sunflower genotypes mostly comes from the difference in the physiological processes of these genotypes after flowering (de la Vega and Hall, 2002).…”