Evaluation of Significance Maps and the Analysis of the Longitudinal Time Course of the Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thicknesses in Acquired Occipital Homonymous Hemianopia Using Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Yamashita, Tsutomu; Miki, Atsushi; Goto, Katsutoshi; Araki, Syunsuke; Takizawa, Go; Ieki, Yoshiaki; Kiryu, Junichi; Tabuchi, Akio; Iguchi, Yasuyuki; Kimura, Kazumi; Yagita, Yoshiki

doi:10.1080/01658107.2019.1686764

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Retrograde transsynaptic degeneration has been proposed to occur in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease; however, it is difficult to definitively demonstrate this phenomenon when pathology is widespread and can affect the retina and anterior visual pathway (16). The exquisite localization of retinal ganglion cell loss demonstrated through macular OCT after damage to visual cortex in this study and other recent investigations (14,17) convincingly demonstrate that neuronal death after the loss of downstream targets occurs in adults with acquired lesions of the retrogeniculate visual pathway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Further studies with longer follow-up would be required to demonstrate whether all patients eventually show transsynaptic retinal degeneration; however, in our cohort, all patients in whom the stroke occurred 2.5 years ago demonstrated relative hemifield atrophy of at least 10% with the earliest onset seen 5.5 months poststroke in one case. In a previous study of patients with a history of occipital stroke, similar annual rates of GCC thinning of 2.1, 2.4, and 5.6 mm/year were reported (17). A study that included more heterogenous group of patients with both pregeniculate and retrogeniculate visual pathway lesions, including some with stroke, reported, as expected, earlier detectable retinal hemifield thinning in pregeniculate vs postgeniculate lesions, first detectable at 1 vs. 5 months, respectively (14).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Transsynaptic Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Adult Patients After Occipital Lobe Stroke

Donaldson¹,

Chen²,

Margolin³

2022

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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Background: Loss of retinal ganglion cells after occipital lobe damage is known to occur through transsynaptic retrograde degeneration in congenital lesions; however, studies of this phenomenon in acquired pathology, such as strokes affecting postgenicular visual pathway, are scant. We studied a cohort of adult patients with known onset of occipital lobe stroke to look for the presence, rate, and timing of macular ganglion cell loss on optical coherence tomography. Methods: Retrospective review of patients seen in tertiary neuro-ophthalmology practice with homonymous hemianopia secondary to occipital lobe stroke of known onset. Optical coherence tomography of the macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) was performed, and hemifields corresponding to the side of the visual field (VF) defect were compared with the control retinal hemifield. Results: Fifteen patients with homonymous VF defects were included in the study, and 8 of these (53.3%) demonstrated GCC hemifield thickness of less than 90% on the side corresponding to VF loss including 2/9 (22%) patients who had a stroke less than 2.5 years ago and 6/6 (100%) patients who had a stroke longer than 2.5 years ago. The amount of hemifield atrophy correlated to the logarithm of time since stroke onset (P =0.030) but not age (P = 0.95) or mean deviation on VF (P = 0.19). Three patients with longitudinal data showed GCC thinning rates of 1.99, 5.13, and 5.68 mm per year. Conclusion: Transsynaptic retrograde degeneration occurs after occipital lobe stroke as early as 5.5 months after injury and was observed in all patients 2.5 years after stroke.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Transsynaptic Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Adult Patients After Occipital Lobe Stroke

Donaldson¹,

Chen²,

Margolin³

2022

Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology

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“…The utility of mGC analysis in detecting retrograde degeneration is also supported by several other papers [ 26 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Homonymous Hemiatrophy of Macular Ganglion Cell Layer as a Marker of Retrograde Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis—A Narrative Review

Cujbă,

Banc,

Drugan

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Retrograde axonal neurodegeneration along the visual pathway—either direct or trans-synaptic—has already been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as in compressive, vascular, or posttraumatic lesions of the visual pathway. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can noninvasively track macular and optic nerve changes occurring as a result of this phenomenon. Our paper aimed to review the existing literature regarding hemimacular atrophic changes in the ganglion cell layer identified using OCT examination in MS patients without prior history of optic neuritis. Homonymous hemimacular atrophy has been described in post-chiasmal MS lesions, even in patients with normal visual field results. Temporal and nasal macular OCT evaluation should be performed separately in all MS patients, in addition to an optic nerve OCT evaluation and a visual field exam.

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“… 12 Likewise, a progressive decrease in the GCL thickness over time was observed in acquired homonymous hemianopia. 27 With refined MR and OCT in vivo imaging techniques at hand, the process of retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration can now potentially be studied over the whole course of the visual pathway in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Volume Determined on MRI Correlates With Corresponding Ganglion Cell Layer Loss in Acquired Human Postgeniculate Lesions

Simmen

Fierz

Michels

et al. 2022

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose To quantitatively assess lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) volume loss in the presence of lesions in the postgeniculate pathway and its correlation with optical coherence tomography retinal parameters. Methods This was a case control study of patients recruited at the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. Nine patients who were suffering from lesions in the postgeniculate pathway acquired at least 3 months earlier participated. Retinal parameters were analyzed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography and a newly developed magnetic resonance imaging protocol with improved contrast to noise ratio was applied to measure LGN volume. Results The affected LGN volume in the patients (mean volume 73.89 ± 39.08 mm 3 ) was significantly smaller compared with the contralateral unaffected LGN (mean volume 131.43 ± 12.75 mm 3 ), as well as compared with healthy controls (mean volume 107 ± 24.4 mm 3 ). Additionally, the ganglion cell layer thickness corresponding with the affected versus unaffected side within the patient group differed significantly (mean thickness 40.5 ± 4.11 µm vs 45.7 ± 4.79 µm) compared with other retinal parameters. A significant linear correlation could also be shown between relative LGN volume loss and ganglion cell layer thickness decrease. Conclusions Corresponding LGN volume reduction could be shown in patients with postgeniculate lesions using a newly developed magnetic resonance imaging protocol. LGN volume decrease correlated with ganglion cell layer thickness reduction as a sign of trans-synaptic retrograde neuronal degeneration.

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Evaluation of Significance Maps and the Analysis of the Longitudinal Time Course of the Macular Ganglion Cell Complex Thicknesses in Acquired Occipital Homonymous Hemianopia Using Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Transsynaptic Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Adult Patients After Occipital Lobe Stroke

Transsynaptic Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Adult Patients After Occipital Lobe Stroke

Homonymous Hemiatrophy of Macular Ganglion Cell Layer as a Marker of Retrograde Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis—A Narrative Review

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus Volume Determined on MRI Correlates With Corresponding Ganglion Cell Layer Loss in Acquired Human Postgeniculate Lesions

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