Evaluation of simplified calculation methods for determining heat transfer between a smoke flow and a sprinkler spray

Abstract

Empirical equations determining heat transfer between a smoke layer and a sprinkler spray have been assessed by using data from several experiments available in the literature. The comparison of the heat loss and temperature of the smoke layer under sprinkler spray shows that the equations developed by Williams for 15 mm pendent conventional sprinklers agree reasonably well with the experimental results. Equations from Spearpoint et al. (Spearpoint MJ, Williams C and Morgan HP. Engineering relationships for calculating the heat transfer from a horizontally-moving Buoyant smoke layer to a sprinkler spray, Fire Research Station, Borehamwood, Herts, UK, 1993 (unpublished)) perform fairly well compared to upright sprinkler experiments especially for a spray sprinkler case but need more validation due to the lack of experimental data. Predictions from the equation given by Heselden are close to the values for a pendent conventional sprinkler with a depth below ceiling less than 0.3 m but values are lower than those given by Williams (Williams C. The Downward Movement of Smoke due to a Sprinkler Spray,

Numerical study of water spray interaction with fire plume in dual chambers connected to tall shaft

“…Mathematical models [18,19] were developed to estimate the influence of droplet drag force in affecting the buoyancy driven smoke layer and were validated against experimental data. Similar studies [20,21] were reported to evaluate heat loss from smoke to water particles by correlating empirical relations with experimental predictions.…”

Experimental and numerical study of water spray system for a fire event in a confined and mechanically ventilated compartment

“…Several analytical approaches have been proposed to assess the downward displacement of the smoke layer as well as the heat transferred from the smoke to the droplet flow. () Some studies also point out this influence on the doorway flow or the vent flow. ()…”

“…Several analytical approaches have been proposed to assess the downward displacement of the smoke layer as well as the heat transferred from the smoke to the droplet flow. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Some studies also point out this influence on the doorway flow or the vent flow. [10][11][12] Very few studies on forced-ventilated compartment configurations have been performed in the scientific community.…”