Evaluation of single plane angiography for left ventricular volume in the intact dog1

Abstract

Technique and errors of quantitative single plane ventriculography (SPV), and the methods of Dodge and Sandler (Dodge et al, 1962; Sandler and Dodge, 1968) and Greene et al (1967) for determining left ventricular (LV) volume by SPV were evaluated in the intact dog. Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (Q) by ventriculography were compared with those obtained by the Fick and dye dilution methods, and their combination. The end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) corrected by appropriate regression equations, the SV (SV=EDV - ESV), and the ejection fraction (EF) were: Dodge and Sandler, 2.26 1.35, 0.91 ml/kg, and 0.42; Greene et al, 2.41, 1.50, 0.91 ml/kg, and 0.39. Using adequate methods, accurate correction for x-ray image magnification, and the appropriate regression equations the standard error of LV volume calculation by single plane radiography, due to unavoidable technical inaccuracies, should not exceed 10% for a single measurement and 5% for the average of two or more successive cardiac cycles. The systematic overestimation of LV volume inherent in ventriculography, and caused by the addition of contrast medium, should not exceed 5% of the true value.

The effects of left ventricular load and contractility on mitral regurgitant orifice size and flow in the dog.

“…Forty-five to 60 minutes after control measurements, hemodynamic and angiographic data were again collected at the same heart rate, but during intravenous infusion of either angiotensin (5-IO,t/min); or an agent with inotropic properties, calcium chloride (2 g/30 ml normal saline/5-10 min), or epinephrine (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) g/min; or immediately after intravenous infusion of low molecular weight dextran (250-200 ml/5-10 min). During these interventions, heart rate was kept constant by right atrial pacing via the coronary sinus.…”