Evaluation of Siperkor Pesticide Mutagenicity with Ames Test

Abstract

ÖzetPestisitler tarım sektöründe ürünlerin verimini, kalitesini artırmak ve ürün depolanması için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak pestisitler hedef olmayan organizmalara zarar vermeleri, pestisit direncine sebep olmaları, bazılarının damutajen ve karsinojen olmasından dolayı endişe yaratmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada tarımda yaygın olarak kullanılan piretroid grubu bir insektisit olan Siperkor'un mutajenitesi Ames testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ames testinde Siperkor'un 5 farklı dozu (250, 25, 2.5, 0.25, 0.025 µg/plak) TA98 veTA100 suşları kullanılarak hem S9 karaciğer enzimi fraksiyonu varlığında hem de yokluğunda test edilmiştir. Her test suşu için deney sırasında suşa özel bir pozitif kontrol kullanılmıştır. TA98 suşu S9'lu deney için 2-aminofluorene (AF), S9'suz deney için 4-nitro-ophenylenediamine(NPD) kullanılırken, TA100 suşu için S9'lu deneyde 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), S9'suz deney için ise sodyum azide (SA)pozitif kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Ames testi sonuçlarına göre Siperkor pestisiti sadece TA98 suşunda 250 µg/plak konsantrasyonunda hem S9 fraksiyonu varlığında hem de yokluğunda mutajenik aktivite göstermiştir. Evaluation of Siperkor Pesticide Mutagenicity with Ames TestKeywords Ames Test;Mutagenicity; Siperkor;Pesticide AbstractPesticides are widely used in agriculture to improve the efficiency and quality of products and food storage. However there is a big concern about their usage because some of them are mutagens and/or carcinogens, harm non-target organisms or cause pest resistance. In this study Siperkor insectidepyretroid group-which is widely used in agriculture was determined for mutagenicity by using Ames test. Five different concentrations (250, 25, 2.5, 0.25, 0.025 µg/plate), of Siperkor pesticide was tested by Ames test on TA98 and TA100 strains with and without S9 metabolic activation. For each tester strain, a specific positive control was always used to test the experimental flaws, if any. While 4-nitro-ophenylenediamine (NPD) for TA98, sodium azide (SA) for TA100, was used as positive controls without metabolic activation, 2-aminofluorene (AF), 2-aminoanthracene(2AA) was used as positive controls with metabolic activation, respectively. The positive controls also were used in each tester strains. According to Ames test results, only 250 µg/plate, concentration of Siperkor pesticide has shown mutagenic activity on TA98 strain with and without S9 fraction.

Mutagenic and Cytotoxic Activity of Insecticide Napoleon 4EC in Allium cepa and Ames Test

“…Short-term test methods have been used for many years from past to present to identify the genotoxic activities of pesticides (Miao et al 2017;Özkara 2017;Khallef et al 2018;Özkara 2019;Akyıl 2019). The short-term test systems can detect different types of genetic DNA damage: (i) gene or point mutations; (ii) primary DNA damage and repair; (iii) chromosomal alterations.…”

Potential Mutagenicity of Udimo 75 WG Herbicide in Salmonella typhimurium with Ames Test

“…These substances also have the potential to cause cancer, and mutagenicity tests have also gained importance at this stage (Moulas et al 2013). Earlier studies have showed that some pesticides are clastogenic and mutagenic in different biological test systems (Siroki et al 2001, Celik 2003, Stivaktakis et al 2010, Moulas et al 2013, Akyıl and Konuk 2014, Özkara 2017. The Ames test is an important test method for determining the mutagenic and anti-mutagenic effects of various chemical substances and also has an effect of over 90% in detecting genotoxicity (Kauffmann et al 2020).…”