Evaluation of Some Polyaromatic Amines as Antirads and Antifatigue Agents in SBR Vulcanizates

Wazzan, A. A.; Ismail, M. N.; Ghaffar, Mahmoud A. Abd El

doi:10.1080/10236660500345976

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Two homopolymers, polythiophene (PT) and poly(ophenylene diamine) (Po-PDA), and five copolymers, poly (aniline-co-m-toluidine) (PAn-co-mT), poly (aniline-coo-phenylene diamine) (PAn-co-o-PDA), poly(aniline-cothiophene) (PAn-co-T), poly(aniline-co-2amino pyridine) (PAn-co-2APy), and poly (2-amino pyridine-co-o-phenylene diamine) (P2APy-co-o-PD), were synthesized and characterized using spectrophotometric measurements (IR-UV-Vis) and thermal analysis. The methods of preparation and characterization were reported by Abd El-Ghaffar et al in previous publications [8][9][10][11][12][13] and can be summarized as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyanilines are compounds which recently find wide applications. Polyanilines prepared by chemical oxidation processes for application as conducting polymers [9], and efficient corrosion inhibitors for steel protection [10], in addition to their synergistic antioxidant efficiency for NR and SBR vulcanizates as reported in our previous studies [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

El‐Ghaffar

Shaffei

Abdelwahab

2014

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) formulations containing polyaromatic and polyheterocyclic amine homopolymers and copolymers were prepared. The studied homopolymers named polythiophene (PT), poly(o-phenylene diamine) (Po-PDA) and copolymers named poly(aniline-co-m-toluidine) (PAn-co-mT), poly(aniline-co-o-phenylene diamine) (PAn-co-o-PDA), poly(aniline-co-thiophene) (PAn-co-T), poly(aniline-co-2-amino pyridine) (PAn-co-2APy), and poly(2-amino pyridine-co-o-phenylene diamine) (P2APy-co-o-PDA) have been prepared and characterized. The rheological characteristics and physicomechanical properties of the compounded rubber mixes and vulcanizates were investigated and determined. The effects of the prepared polymers on the ageing characteristics of corresponding vulcanizates were evaluated. It was found that the prepared polymers have shown better antioxidant efficiency than the conventional antioxidants phenylβnaphthyl amine (PβN) and the polymerized-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ) industrially used in addition to their safety and ecofriendliness to the environment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

El‐Ghaffar

Shaffei

Abdelwahab

2014

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…Cross-linking also leads to increase in molecular mass, decrease in melt flow and increase of toughness in the early stage (Pitrofskii and Tarasoya, 1980;Al-Nowaiser, 2005;Wazzan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Proper use of rice straw black liquor: lignin/silica derivatives as efficient green antioxidants for SBR rubber

Zaher

Swellem

Nawwar

et al. 2014

Pigment &Amp; Resin Technology

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to study the efficiency of lignin/silica and calcium lignate/calcium silicate as natural antioxidants in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates. Design/methodology/approach -It has been found that thermal aging data of the aged sample revealed that SBR vulcanizate undergoes crosslink reactions that lead to embrittlement and ultimately failure. Incorporation of lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate, however, resulted in significant improvement of the degradation profile of the vulcanizates at 90^18C. Loss of tensile strength and flexibility during aging of the SBR compounds with 8 phr lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate was mild relative to unfilled polymer, indicating a restricted degradation due to the presence of the investigated compounds. The results obtained revealed that the investigated compounds are good antioxidant, and the evaluation was confirmed by physico-mechanical properties of the vulcanizates, FT-IR spectroscopy, transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscope. Findings -It was noticed that SBR vulcanizates having 8 phr of lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate exhibited the best mechanical properties in comparison with other concentrations (1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 phr). Also, results revealed that the lignin/silica derivatives are efficient antioxidants in SBR vulcanizates compared to vulcanizates containing conventional antioxidants used in rubber industry, namely polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ), and N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-P-phenylenediamine (IPPD). Research limitations/implications -All these results indicated that lignin/silica and calcium lignate/calcium silicate in SBR had good heat resistance and aging resistance, calcium lignate/calcium silicate has an application limitation as not all vulcanizates need to use CaCO 3 /calcium salts. Practical implications -Lignin is usually seen as a waste product of pulp and paper industry and is often used as fuel for the energy balance of the pulping process. It is simple isolation along with silica from rice straw and using it as an antioxidant added further practical utility for this waste. Originality/value -The importance of lignin/silica derivatives is arisen from their biodegradability and their ease availability from rice straw black liquor.

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“…The majority of said work has been directed at remediating the effects of gamma radiation on these materials through the addition of "antirad" compounds to the polymer matrix. 4,5,6,7 These antirads can decrease the reaction rates of chain scission and cross-linking by scavenging radicals, intermediates, and ejected electrons as they form during irradiation. 4 For example, 2vinylnaphthalene and 4-vinylbiphenyl have been used to increase γ radiation resistance of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) 4 , and aromatic diacetylenes have been shown to remediate radiation induced damage in polyurethane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing radiation tolerant polymer nanocomposites using C₆₀as an additive

et al. 2016

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Evaluation of Some Polyaromatic Amines as Antirads and Antifatigue Agents in SBR Vulcanizates

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

Proper use of rice straw black liquor: lignin/silica derivatives as efficient green antioxidants for SBR rubber

Developing radiation tolerant polymer nanocomposites using C₆₀as an additive

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Evaluation of Some Polyaromatic Amines as Antirads and Antifatigue Agents in SBR Vulcanizates

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

Evaluation of Some Conducting Polymers as Novel Antioxidants for Rubber Vulcanizates

Proper use of rice straw black liquor: lignin/silica derivatives as efficient green antioxidants for SBR rubber

Developing radiation tolerant polymer nanocomposites using C60as an additive

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Product

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Developing radiation tolerant polymer nanocomposites using C₆₀as an additive