Evaluation of stress patterns in bone around dental implant for different abutment angulations under axial and oblique loading: A finite element analysis

Abstract

Introduction:The replacement of missing anterior teeth presents peculiar challenges to the Prosthodontist. Implants are increasingly gaining favour for the same. The morphology of existing bone in the premaxilla often dictates that implants are placed at angles that are difficult to restore with conventional abutments. However, the angulated abutments might transfer unfavourable forces to the implant or bone, thereby compromising the prognosis of the treatment. Because, it is difficult to assess the generated forces clinically, a finite element analysis was chosen for the present study as it is useful tool in estimating stress distribution in the contact area of the implant with the bone.Materials and Methods:In this study, the frontal region of the maxilla was modelled with a cortical layer 1.5 mm thick containing an inner cancellous core. The implant was cylindrical, round ended, with length 13 mm and diameter 4.1 mm. The abutment was modelled as 7 mm in height with a 5 degree occlusal taper. The different abutment angulations used were 0°, 10°, 15° and 20°. The amount of loads used were 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 N axially, and 50 N in oblique direction, to approximate the kind of loads seen in clinical situations.Result:It was seen that, as the abutment angulation changes from 0° to 20° both the compressive as well as tensile stresses increased; but, it is within the tolerance limit of the bone.Conclusion:It seems reasonably safe to use angled abutments in anterior implant supported prostheses, in the maxillary arch.

A Further Finite Element Stress Analysis of Angled Abutments for an Implant Placed in the Anterior Maxilla

“…The study showed that as the abutments angulation changes from 0° to 20° both compressive and tensile stresses increased, but it is within the tolerance limit of the bone. Most of studies agreed with that angled abutments result in increased stress on the implants and adjacent bone, and these increased stresses usually are within physiological tolerances [ 11 , 19 ]. Most of studies have predicted that use of angled abutments on implant results in a greater amount of stress in bone.…”

“…This result suggests that angled abutments may be a suitable restorative option when implants are not placed in the ideal axial position. Bahuguna et al [ 19 ] modelled the frontal region of maxilla with a cortical layer containing an inner cancellous core. The different abutments angulations used were 0°, 10°, 15°, and 20°.…”

Application of finite element model in implant dentistry: A systematic review

“…Stress distribution in FEM studies is generally interpreted as von Mises stress, which could be maximum and minimum principal stress or it could be principal strains. [38] von Mises stress is estimated in three planes, that is, x -axis, y -axis, and z -axis using a formula. [39] Validation is done by comparing the current FEM results with that of the previous studies related to a particular topic.…”

A comparative study on the stress distribution around dental implants in three arch form models for replacing six implants using finite element analysis

“…[ 25 ] In all cases, to simulate the functional forces, a 100-N force with a 30-degree angle was imposed buccolingually from long axis of each veneer. [ 26 27 ] In this software, the models for veneer and implant were designed using available references and manufacturer's instructions. [ 28 ] According to the shape of the jaw arch,[ 12 ] the number of two to four implants for reconstruction of six maxillary anterior teeth replaced, and on this basis, nine models were simulated.…”