Evaluation of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Somaclonals Tolerance to Salinity Via In Vitro and In Vivo

Salinity is a severe environmental factor that has limited the growth and productivity of crops. External application of regulating substances is a useful strategy to minimize the inhibitory effects of salinity on seedling growth. A controlled study was conducted to assess the interactive effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA3) addition and salinity on plant growth and antioxidant enzymes of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) plants. The 50 mM level did not negatively affect the early growth of castor seedlings. At the 100 mM salinity level, however, seedling growth and physiological parameters were severely affected. Plant height, leaf area, and the weight of root, stem, leaf, and the whole plant was reduced by up to 21.7, 27.9, 33.3, 37.5, 33.2, and 34.5%, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidases (POD), catalases (CAT), and proline content were also decreased by up to 32.0, 34.3, 53.6, and 212.4% at such a high salinity level. Presoaking seeds with 250 uM GA3 increased plant height, stem diameter, and the weight of leaf and the whole plant by up to 13.3, 7.4, 66.7, and 39.1%, respectively. The activity of SOD and POD and the content of proline and soluble protein were also significantly increased when GA3 was applied at 250 uM. This study indicated that exogenous addition of GA3 at appropriate concentrations can be a useful strategy to promote early seedling growth of castor bean plants grown under saline conditions.

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“…The content of soluble protein was also increased at the 200 and 250 μM GA 3 levels. Similar results have been recorded by Shomeili et al (2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Gibberellic Acid and Salinity Affected Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Castor Bean Plants at Early Growth Stage

Zhou

Nimir

et al. 2014

Agronomy Journal

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“…When salt concentration was 300 mM, DWs of brown leaves, green leaves, and stalks were 70.4, 47.7, and 21.4% of the control plants, respectively. A remarkable reduction in dry matter yield was reported in gramineous plants including sugarcane exposed to salinity stress [3,46,52]. Our result of stalk biomass having most reduction by salinity among three shoot components is in consistent with an early report [53] in which among the percentage of sugarcane germination, rate of stem growth, and dry weight of root, used for evaluating varietal resistance to soil salinity, the rate of stem growth appeared to be the most significant sensitive to salinity stress.…”

Section: Plant Tissue Dry Weightssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Soil salinity is one of stress factors limiting crop growth and yield in many regions of the world [1,2]. Salinity is a soil condition in most arid and semiarid regions [3,4]. Ions contributing to soil salinity mainly include Cl − , SO 4 2− , HCO 3 − , Na + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugarcane Plant Growth and Physiological Responses to Soil Salinity during Tillering and Stalk Elongation

et al. 2020

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A pot study was conducted to investigate influences of salinity on sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) plant growth, leaf photosynthesis, and other physiological traits during tillering and stalk elongation. Treatments included two commercial sugarcane cultivars (Canal Point (CP) 96-1252 and CP 00-1101) and an Erianthus with five different soil salt concentrations (0 [Control], 38, 75, 150, and 300 mM of NaCl added). Growth (tillers, plant height, and nodes) and physiological (leaf net photosynthetic rate [Pn], stomatal conductance [gs], intercellular CO2 concentration, and leaf water soluble sugar concentrations) characters were determined during the experiment. Responses of sugarcane growth, photosynthesis, and photoassimilate translocation to salinity depended on soil salt concentration. Plant height was the most sensitive while the number of nodes was the most tolerant to soil salinity among the three growth traits measured. CP 96-1252 differed from CP 00-1101 significantly in response of shoot:root ratio to high salt concentration. Leaf Pn of plants treated with the 38 mM salt did not differ from that of the control plant, but plants treated with the 75, 150, and 300 mM salt had 12.7, 18.7, and 35.3% lower leaf Pn, respectively, than the control. The low leaf Pn due to salinity was associated with not only the decrease in gs, but also the non-stomatal factors. Results of leaf sugar composition and concentrations revealed that high salt concentration also depressed photoassimilate translocation from leaves to other plant tissues. These findings are important for better understanding of some physiological mechanisms of salinity influence on sugarcane growth and yields.

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“…The expansion of sugarcane cultivation is economically important for the commercialization of its main products, sugar, and ethanol [2]. Although it is well-suited to high temperature, sugarcane is adversely affected by other abiotic stresses, such as drought and salt stress [3]. In fact, salt stress constitutes one of the best-studied stresses due to concerns regarding continuing increases in soil salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress induces changes in the proteomic profile of micropropagated sugarcane shoots

et al. 2017

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Salt stress is one of the most common stresses in agricultural regions worldwide. In particular, sugarcane is affected by salt stress conditions, and no sugarcane cultivar presently show high productivity accompanied by a tolerance to salt stress. Proteomic analysis allows elucidation of the important pathways involved in responses to various abiotic stresses at the biochemical and molecular levels. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the proteomic effects of salt stress in micropropagated shoots of two sugarcane cultivars (CB38-22 and RB855536) using a label-free proteomic approach. The mass spectrometry proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006075. The RB855536 cultivar is more tolerant to salt stress than CB38-22. A quantitative label-free shotgun proteomic analysis identified 1172 non-redundant proteins, and 1160 of these were observed in both cultivars in the presence or absence of NaCl. Compared with CB38-22, the RB855536 cultivar showed a greater abundance of proteins involved in non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms, ion transport, and photosynthesis. Some proteins, such as calcium-dependent protein kinase, photosystem I, phospholipase D, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were more abundant in the RB855536 cultivar under salt stress. Our results provide new insights into the response of sugarcane to salt stress, and the changes in the abundance of these proteins might be important for the acquisition of ionic and osmotic homeostasis during exposure to salt stress.

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Evaluation of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Somaclonals Tolerance to Salinity Via In Vitro and In Vivo

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Gibberellic Acid and Salinity Affected Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Castor Bean Plants at Early Growth Stage

Gibberellic Acid and Salinity Affected Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Castor Bean Plants at Early Growth Stage

Sugarcane Plant Growth and Physiological Responses to Soil Salinity during Tillering and Stalk Elongation

Salt stress induces changes in the proteomic profile of micropropagated sugarcane shoots

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