Evaluation of suitability of hazelnut shell energy for production of biofuels

Hebda, Tomasz; Brzychczyk, Beata; Francik, S.; Pedryc, Norbert

doi:10.22616/erdev2018.17.n437

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to EN ISO 17225-1:2014 standard [30], the main types of biomass for solid biofuel production are woody, herbaceous and fruity biomass (less common is so-called water biomass). This means that a very wide range of species are already used for this purpose and the range of the different plant species is being continuously extended as a result of research conducted at many scientific institutions worldwide [27,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Raw Material Drying Temperature on the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Biomass Agglomeration Process—A Preliminary Study

et al. 2020

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For biomass compaction, it is important to determine all aspects of the process that will affect the quality of pellets and briquettes. The low bulk density of biomass leads to many problems in transportation and storage, necessitating the use of a compaction process to ensure a solid density of at least 1000 kg·m−3 and bulk density of at least 600 kg·m−3. These parameters should be achieved at a relatively low compaction pressure that can be achieved through the proper preparation of the raw material. As the compaction process includes a drying stage, the aim of this work is to determine the influence of the drying temperature of pine biomass in the range of 60–140 °C on the compaction process. To determine whether this effect is compensated by the moisture, compaction was carried out on the material in a dry state and on the materials with moisture contents of 5% and 10% and for compacting pressures in the 130.8–457.8 MPa range. It was shown that drying temperature affects the specific density and mechanical durability of the pellets obtained from the raw material in the dry state, while an increase in the moisture content of the raw material neutralizes this effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Raw Material Drying Temperature on the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Biomass Agglomeration Process—A Preliminary Study

et al. 2020

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“…Products in the form of torrefied Miscanthus will also be able to serve the farmers who produce them, as biochar in the form of an additive (carrier of the carbon element) to organic fertilizer, suitable for agriculture and greenhouses, improving soil properties and increasing productivity. Pomades, fruit stones, kernel shells, and other residuals are also used, such as waste cooking oil [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Recently, so-called water biomass, such as hyacinths or algae, has also become popular [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive research is constantly expanding the spectrum to include new types of biomass [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Biomass has relatively uniform energy parameters due to its composition—lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], although it is physically very variable [ 9 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Therefore, it often requires combustion systems dedicated to a given type and form [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Drying and Torrefaction Processes of Miscanthus for Use as a Pelletized Solid Biofuel and Biocarbon-Carrier for Fertilizers

et al. 2021

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Miscanthus is resistant to dry, frosty winters in Poland and most European Union countries. Miscanthus gives higher yields compared to native species. Farmers can produce Miscanthus pellets after drying it for their own heating purposes. From the third year, the most efficient plant development begins, resulting in a yield of 25–30 tons of dry matter from an area of 1 hectare. Laboratory scale tests were carried out on the processes of drying, compacting, and torrefaction of this biomass type. The analysis of the drying process was conducted at three temperature levels of the drying agent (60, 100, and 140 °C). Compaction on a hydraulic press was carried out in the pressure range characteristic of a pressure agglomeration (130.8–457.8 MPa) at different moisture contents of the raw material (0.5% and 10%). The main interest in this part was to assess the influence of drying temperature, moisture content, and compaction pressure on the specific densities (DE) and the mechanical durability of the pellets (DU). In the next step, laboratory analyses of the torrefaction process were carried out, initially using the Thermogravimetric Analysis TGA and Differential Scaning Calorimeter DSC techniques (to assess activation energy (EA)), followed by a flow reactor operating at five temperature levels (225, 250, 275, 300, and 525 °C). A SEM analysis of Miscanthus after torrefaction processes at three different temperatures was performed. Both the parameters of biochar (proximate and ultimate analysis) and the quality of the torgas (volatile organic content (VOC)) were analyzed. The results show that both drying temperature and moisture level will affect the quality of the pellets. Analysis of the torrefaction process shows clearly that the optimum process temperature would be around 300–340 °C from a mass loss ratio and economical perspective.

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“…As a result of pressure agglomeration, we obtain a fuel unit unified in terms of shape, moisture, density, and calorific value in the form of a briquette or pellet. Pellets are the most processed fuel and have the highest operational potential (dimensional uniformity facilitating the automation of the process of inflow and combustion) [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Compaction Pressure and Moisture Content on Post-Agglomeration Elastic Springback of Pellets

2021

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Renewable energy sources (RES) represent an increasing share of global energy production. Biomass has the highest potential of all RES. Biomass is used to produce solid biofuels, liquid biofuels, and gaseous biofuels. One of the main directions of research on solid biofuels is to optimize the agglomeration process. The main factors determining the characteristics of the final product in the production of pellets are process and material parameters. Process parameters include compaction pressure, temperature, and geometry of the matrix channel. The parameters of the material are the type of biomass, moisture content, degree of fragmentation, and method of preparation of the material (e.g., drying). The process of pressure compaction is always associated with the negative phenomenon of elastic springback. The aim of this work was to check the influence of compaction pressure and material moisture content on the springback value. The research was conducted on three materials (giant miscanthus, cup plant and Virginia mallow), using four different pressures (131, 196, 262, and 327 MPa) and three different moisture levels (8, 11, and 14%). For all material springback values, the range was 9–16%. Statistical analysis showed that for all plants tested, the effects of compaction pressure and moisture content significantly affected the elastic springback value. Areas of high value springback in the pattern of process parameters were determined.

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Evaluation of suitability of hazelnut shell energy for production of biofuels

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of Raw Material Drying Temperature on the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Biomass Agglomeration Process—A Preliminary Study

Influence of Raw Material Drying Temperature on the Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Biomass Agglomeration Process—A Preliminary Study

Sustainable Drying and Torrefaction Processes of Miscanthus for Use as a Pelletized Solid Biofuel and Biocarbon-Carrier for Fertilizers

Effect of Compaction Pressure and Moisture Content on Post-Agglomeration Elastic Springback of Pellets

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