Evaluation of TBMDR® and XDRA® for the detection of multidrug resistant and pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis

Cho, Eunjin; Lee, Sujin; Lim, Ji-Young; Kim, Joo Young; Kim, Namil; Park, Han Oh; Lee, Jiim; Son, Eun-Soon; Cho, Sang Nae; Aung, Wah Wah; Lee, Jong Seok

doi:10.1016/j.jctube.2022.100303

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A concordance rate >95% was observed when comparing the two assays with direct gene sequencing. Although the authors tested these two assays on isolated cultures, both assays can be performed also on sputum samples [51].…”

Section: Other Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Diagnostic Methods for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Overview

Sanchini,

Lanni,

Giannoni

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Despite available global efforts and funding, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to affect a considerable number of patients worldwide. Policy makers and stakeholders set clear goals to reduce TB incidence and mortality, but the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) complicate the reach of these goals. Drug-resistance TB needs to be diagnosed rapidly and accurately to effectively treat patients, prevent the transmission of MDR-TB, minimise mortality, reduce treatment costs and avoid unnecessary hospitalisations. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of laboratory methods for detecting drug resistance in MTB, focusing on phenotypic, molecular and other drug susceptibility testing (DST) techniques. We found a large variety of methods used, with the BACTEC MGIT 960 being the most common phenotypic DST and the Xpert MTB/RIF being the most common molecular DST. We emphasise the importance of integrating phenotypic and molecular DST to address issues like resistance to new drugs, heteroresistance, mixed infections and low-level resistance mutations. Notably, most of the analysed studies adhered to the outdated definition of XDR-TB and did not consider the pre-XDR definition, thus posing challenges in aligning diagnostic methods with the current landscape of TB resistance.

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Section: Other Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Diagnostic Methods for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Overview

Sanchini,

Lanni,

Giannoni

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An estimated 10.6 million people globally developed TB disease, with 1.6 million deaths in 2021 (Bagcchi, 2023). Advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of TB disease are threatened by the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), defined as TB caused by M. tuberculosis strains resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid, the two most effective first-line anti-TB drugs (Cho et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Community-Based Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in Nigeria: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abubakar¹,

Parsa²,

Walker³

2023

IJPHPP

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Growing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) worldwide and new effective and affordable treatment modalities required exploring options such as the community model of MDR-TB treatment (CM), as introduced in Nigeria.To determine the most effective care model by comparing MDR-TB treatment outcomes at community-based sites with the hospital-based model of care in Nigeria.Treatment outcomes data were retrospectively accessed from the medical record of 423 MDR-TB patients to evaluate the effectiveness of HM and CM based on WHO criteria. Treatment success” is defined as the sum of cure and treatment completion. “Cure” is the “treatment completion” with at least three negative cultures taken at least 30 days apart after the intensive phase in the absence of “treatment failure. Predictors of treatment outcomes were also assessed on multivariate analysis. 423 patients (85% of the targeted sampling data) were available for analysis, of whom 272 (63.4%) had a conventional regimen, and 143 (33.8%) had a shorter treatment regimen. There is no significant difference in treatment outcomes between CM and HM; patients achieve similar treatment success in all models, 65.5% with HM compared to 68% at the CM (p = 0.608). Treatment failure was (4.1% versus 5.1%) in the HM versus CM, respectively; (p = 0.704). Death occurred in 20.9% of participants in the hospital model and 17.5% in the community model, and rates of Loss to follow-up were similar 9.5% HM vs 9.5% CM; (p = 0.704). On multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, HIV, sex, patient type, TB treatment history, resistance pattern, model of care and regimens, there was no change in treatment outcomes if patients were treated at the CM vs HM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.92; 95% CI 0.59 – 1.46, p = 0.735). MDR-TB patients with unknown HIV status (not on ART) were nine times more likely to have unsuccessful treatment outcomes compared with HIV-negative respondents (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.83; 95% CI 1.79 – 43.60, p = 0.007). Similarly, HIV-positive respondents were 1.3 times more likely to have unsuccessful outcomes than HIV-negative (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.26; 95% CI 0.71–2.26, p = 0.429, but the difference is not statistically significant. This retrospective study found that the community-based model is equally effective as care in a centralised hospital, based on similar treatment success rates, comparable default and death rates with hospital care and shorter time to treatment initiation at the community-based centres.

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Exploring diagnostic methods for drug-resistant tuberculosis: A comprehensive overview

Sanchini,

Lanni,

Giannoni

et al. 2024

Tuberculosis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of TBMDR® and XDRA® for the detection of multidrug resistant and pre-extensively drug resistant tuberculosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Exploring Diagnostic Methods for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Overview

Exploring Diagnostic Methods for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Overview

Effectiveness of Community-Based Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in Nigeria: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Exploring diagnostic methods for drug-resistant tuberculosis: A comprehensive overview

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