Evaluation of the Acute Oral Toxicity Class of Trinuclear Chromium(III) Glycinate Complex in Rat

Staniek, Halina; Krejpcio, Zbigniew; Iwanik, Katarzyna; Szymusiak, Henryk; Wieczorek, Daria

doi:10.1007/s12011-011-8959-3

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Cr w formie organicznej jest lepiej wchłaniany niż w formie nieorganicznej i prowadzi do wzrostu koncentracji tego składnika w tkankach (80). Zauważono, że biodostępność kationu propionianu chromu (CrProp) jest znacznie wyższa w porównaniu do innych popularnych suplementów chromu w diecie, takich jak: chlorek, nikotynian lub pikolinian chromu (23,94,95). CrProp jest absorbowany z dużą skutecznością 40-60% (94,95).…”

Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

“…Zauważono, że biodostępność kationu propionianu chromu (CrProp) jest znacznie wyższa w porównaniu do innych popularnych suplementów chromu w diecie, takich jak: chlorek, nikotynian lub pikolinian chromu (23,94,95). CrProp jest absorbowany z dużą skutecznością 40-60% (94,95). Najwyższą akumulację Cr w tkankach wykazano po podaniu Cr w formie nanocząstek (61,105,112).…”

Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

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Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Trivalent chromium is considered an essential element in the nutrition of both animals and humans. Animal studies confirm many beneficial effects of organic and inorganic chromium compounds on carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism in the body. Glucose tolerance factor (GTF) has been demonstrated to involve an active form of trivalent chromium, which sustains normal glucose metabolism. Cr(III) compounds form enzymes and ribonucleic acids, accelerate blood clotting and increase β-glucuronidase activity. Chromium also participates in antioxidant processes, in the synthesis of RNA and DNA and in the immune response, as well as affects secretion of hormones and some vitamins. It has been demonstrated that chromium improves lean body mass in animals, increases growth rate and feed conversion and improves feed intake and energy efficiency. Organic chromium reduces mortality and improves animal reproduction parameters. It also enhances immunity and strengthens response to preventive vaccination. It has been noted in many animal species that a diet low in chromium leads to deficiency symptoms, such as reduced feed intake, lower weight gains, reproductive disorders and increased lipid levels. Chromium deficiency can also result from stress. Moderate chromium deficiency is a risk factor of ischemic heart disease with myocardial infarction. Such a condition may pose a great risk of coronary artery disease. Dietary chromium requirement of an animal body is probably 300 μg Cr/kg d.w. of feed, which is usually satisfied by the ration provided. The highest concentration of chromium is found in the hair, skin and teeth, followed by the liver, kidneys, spleen, and slightly lower in the heart, muscles, pancreas, lungs, bones and brain. Chromium absorption rates in the human intestine range between 0.5 and 2% of the daily intake of inorganic Cr forms, and from 25 to 30% of the element ingested as organic complexes. Clinical studies show that the kinetics of chromium excretion from the system are complex and can be described by a multi-range model, the half-life ranging from 13 min to 192 days. Dietary chromium nanocomposite supplementation (CrNano) used in pigs nutrition has significantly increased Cr content in the blood, longissimus muscle, heart, liver, kidneys, jejunum and ileum. Chromium nanocomposite supplementation acts more effectively on the tissues and, as a consequence, increases the accumulation of the element. .

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Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Trivalent chromium, the form found in food and dietary supplements, is considered to be safe. Many organic chromium complexes, including chromium picolinate [Cr(Pic) 3 ], chromium nicotinate (NCB) [ 11 , 12 ], chromium histidinate (CrHis) [ 13 , 14 ], chromium complex of d -phenylalanine [Cr( d -Phe) 3 ] [ 15 , 16 ], chromium propionate complex (Cr3) [ 4 , 17 – 19 ] and chromium glycinate complex (CrGly) [ 19 ], have been synthesised and demonstrated to be biologically effective. Different coordinate ligands of these organic chromium complexes exhibited different bioactive compounds [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Supplementary Cr3 (Chromium(III) Propionate Complex) on the Mineral Status in Healthy Female Rats

Staniek

Krejpcio

2017

Biol Trace Elem Res

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More and more people use food supplements for various reasons, e.g. to prevent mineral deficiency and diseases (e.g. osteoporosis, diabetes, anaemia). Supplements containing Cr(III) are purchased primarily for weight loss and antidiabetic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementary Cr3 {chromium(III) propionate complex, [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]NO3)} on the mineral status in female Wistar rats. The study was carried out on 30 female Wistar rats, divided into five groups (six animals in each): a control group and test groups fed Cr3 supplemented diets with 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg Cr · kg−1 diet (equivalent to 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg Cr ·kg−1 body mass (b.m.) per day) given as Cr3 for 4 weeks. Supplementary Cr3 increased the Cr content in tissues in a dose-dependent manner. High dietary doses of Cr3, 20 and 100 mg Cr · kg−1 b.m., increased the Cu content in the liver and spleen as well as the Zn content in the kidneys but decreased the liver Ca content. Doses of 50–100 mg Cr ·kg−1 b.m. decreased the serum Fe concentration and the Fe content in the liver and kidneys. Supplementation with Cr3 at doses of 10 and 100 mg Cr ·kg−1 b.m. did not affect the Mg content in the rats’ tissues. In conclusion, high dietary doses of Cr3 (10 and 100 mg Cr· kg−1 b.m.) given for 4 weeks affected the mineral status of Fe, Zn, Cu and Ca in the tissues of healthy female Wistar rats.

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“…The first study on the beneficial effect of Cr(III) on the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism was published in the late 1950s when Schwartz and Mertz et al [26] found that Cr(III) appeared to be an essential element in glucose metabolism. Since then, there have been numerous studies on animals [6–8, 27, 28] and humans [29–31], which analysed the role of this element in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Many studies on animal-resistant and diabetic animals (mice, rats) showed the therapeutic potential of various supplementary Cr(III) compounds, which regulated disordered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromium(III) Glycinate Complex Supplementation Improves the Blood Glucose Level and Attenuates the Tissular Copper to Zinc Ratio in Rats with Mild Hyperglycaemia

Król

Krejpcio

Okulicz

et al. 2019

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the hypoglycaemic potential of supplementary Cr in the form of chromium(III) glycinate (CrGly) in the diabetic model of rats. The experiment was conducted on 40 male Wistar rats, of which 30 were made diabetic by injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg b.m.), while the remaining 10 rats served as the healthy control. After inducing hyperglycaemia, 2 groups of diabetic rats (10 rats each) were supplemented with Cr either as CrGly or chromium(III) picolinate (CrPic) given orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg diet (about 0.75 mg Cr/kg b.m.) with adequate AIN-93M diet for 7 weeks. At the termination of experiment, all animals were sacrificed to collect blood and internal organs for biochemical assays. Blood biochemical indices and tissular trace element contents (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr) were measured and compared with the values of the untreated groups. It was found that CrGly significantly decreased blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels more efficiently than CrPic. Furthermore, both Cr compounds normalized disturbed the serum, renal and cardiac molar Cu/Zn ratio, as well as restored the kidney Zn and Cu levels in rats with hyperglycaemia. Supplementary Cr did not increase the tissular Cr levels in diabetic rats. The study confirmed the hypoglycaemic potential of CrGly in the diabetic model of rats.

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Evaluation of the Acute Oral Toxicity Class of Trinuclear Chromium(III) Glycinate Complex in Rat

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

The Effects of Supplementary Cr3 (Chromium(III) Propionate Complex) on the Mineral Status in Healthy Female Rats

Chromium(III) Glycinate Complex Supplementation Improves the Blood Glucose Level and Attenuates the Tissular Copper to Zinc Ratio in Rats with Mild Hyperglycaemia

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