Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Effects of the Essential Oil from Leaves ofXylopia laevigatain Experimental Models

Abstract

Xylopia laevigata (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat pain and inflammation. Thus, we investigated the possible antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects of X. laevigata leaf essential oil (EOX) in animal models. Our EOX sample showed the presence of γ-muurolene (17.78%), δ-cadinene (12.23%), bicyclogermacrene (7.77%), and α-copaene (7.17%) as main compounds. EOX presented a strong antioxidant potential according to the DPPH, TBARS, and nitrite production tests. Additionally, pretreatment with EOX, in mice, also significantly produced (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001) antinociceptive effect by reduction of nociceptive behavior (in formalin and writhing tests). The EOX showed c-Fos label in the olfactory bulb, piriform cortex, and periaqueductal gray. Acute administration of EOX exhibited a significant (P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) anti-inflammatory profile in the carrageenan-induced peritonitis and by the carrageenan-induced hindpaw edema tests in mice. Our results provide evidence for the use of X. laevigata by traditional medicine practitioners in the management of pain and inflammatory disorders.

Plantas do Gênero Xylopia: Composição Química e Potencial Farmacológico

“…Podemos destacar neste estudo a avaliação do potencial larvicida frente larvas de Aedes aegypt com CL 50 de 62,7 µ/mL (Silva et al,.2012). O óleo essencial de x.laevigata mostrou potencial anti-inflamatório e antinociceptivo em modelos animais (Queiroz et al, 2014 (Costa et al, 2013a).O óleo essencial de X.laevigata é rico em γ-muuroleno, d-cadineno. (Quintans et al, 2013).…”

“…O óleo essencial de x.laevigata mostrou potencial anti-inflamatório e antinociceptivo em modelos animais (Queiroz et al, 2014 (Costa et al, 2013a).O óleo essencial de X.laevigata é rico em γ-muuroleno, d-cadineno. (Quintans et al, 2013).…”

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from the Fresh Fruits of Xylopia Laevigata and its Cytotoxic Evaluation

“…The major compounds identified in the essential oil of X. laevigata were limonene (56.2±1.4%), α-pinene (28.0±1.5%), and β-pinene (5.5±0.1%) ( Table 1). These compounds have been observed in the essential oil from the leaves of this species, but as minor components [1,3,5]. In the leaves, the major compounds are the sesquiterpenes, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, germacrene B, α-copaene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, and (E)-caryophyllene [1,3,5], indicating a significant variation in the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves and fruits.…”

“…These compounds have been observed in the essential oil from the leaves of this species, but as minor components [1,3,5]. In the leaves, the major compounds are the sesquiterpenes, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, germacrene B, α-copaene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, and (E)-caryophyllene [1,3,5], indicating a significant variation in the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves and fruits. According to Quintans et al [1], Costa et al [3], and Queiroz et al [5] the leaf essential oil of this species presents a chemical composition varying from 33 to 44 components more than were observed here.…”

“…Although popular uses of this plant are almost unknown, we found that a decoction of its leaves and flowers is used in the folk medicine of the Brazilian Northeast for several purposes, including painful disorders, heart disease, treating tumors, and inflammatory conditions [1]. Previous phytochemical investigations of this species reported the presence of terpenes [2], essential oils [1,3,4,5], and alkaloids [6], which presented larvicidal [2], antimicrobial [2], antioxidant [3], antitumor [1], tripanocidal [3,4], anti-inflammatory [5], and antinociceptive properties [5]. Herein, the chemical composition and cytotoxicity of the essential oil obtained from the fresh fruits of X. laevigata were investigated for the first time.…”