Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Pioglitazone in Experimental Models of Inflammation in Rats

Abstract

The antidiabetic thiozolidinediones (TZDs) a class of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) ligands has recently been the focus of much interest for their possible role in regulation of inflammatory response. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of pioglitazone in experimental models of inflammation in rats. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti inflammatory effect of TZDs (pioglitazone 3mg/Kg) on acute, sub acute and chronic model of inflammation by using egg-albumin and formalin–induced paw edema in 72 rats, relative to reference drugs Dexamethasone 5mg/Kg and Piroxicam 5mg/Kg. In each inflammation model, 24 rats were allocated into four subgroups, each containing six rats representing control, two standards, and test groups. All treatments were given (I.P) 30 minutes before induction of inflammation and the increase in paw edema was measured at certain time intervals by using vernier caliper. Pioglitazone produced nonsignificant reduction (P>0.05) of egg albumin-induced acute inflammation of the rat hind paw, while significantly produced time-related reduction of formalin-induced sub-acute and chronic inflammation of the rat hind paw. In conclusion, pioglitazone possesses anti-inflammatory activity in the animal models of sub-acute and chronic inflammations.
 Key Words: Pioglitazone, PPAR-γ, anti-inflammatory activity

Fimasartan attenuates edema and systemic changes in egg albumin-induced paw inflammation in rats

“…As shown in (Table 1 and Figure 1a), edema began to develop rapidly within thirty minutes and reaches its maximum at the first-hour post-injection in all egg albumininjected rats (except diclofenac treated rats, which has maximum edema within thirty minutes after the induction of inflammation). These outcomes are in agreement with previous research, where egg albumin injection was reported to cause a significant, time-dependent increase in rat's paw thickness [2,14,15]. Edema is one of the fundamental parameters of acute inflammation and resulted from the release of many proinflammatory mediators from cells involved in the inflammatory response.…”

“…Among the various available methods utilized for the screening of anti-inflammatory agents, one of the most commonly used is the ability of the tested compounds to inhibit the edema induced in the rats' paws upon injection of the phlogistic agent [12]. Paw edema induced by egg albumin is a highly reproducible and widely studied model of acute inflammation [13][14][15]. Edema, erythema, and hyperalgesia have been found to develop instantly following the injection of egg albumin into the rats' hind paw, due to the pro-inflammatory action of various mediators and ROS generated at the site of the tissue injury or by infiltrating cells [16].…”