Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties of the Brazilian Cerrado Fruit Annona crassiflora (Araticum)

Abstract

Annona crassiflora, known commonly as araticum, is an exotic tropical fruit consumed mainly by native people of the Brazilian Cerrado (2nd biggest biome of Brazil). In this study, pulp, seed, and peel of slight ripe and overripe fruits were extracted using ethanol and water. The extracts showed high content of total phenols and were screening for their potential as antioxidants using the in vitro model 1,1‐ dipheniyl‐2‐picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The ethanol extracts of peel and seeds showed IC50 of 48.82 μg/mL and 31.14 μg/mL, respectively, for the slightly ripe fruits. As the ethanolic fractions of araticum showed the highest antioxidant activity, they were selected for testing of its effect on lipid peroxidation. The ethanolic extracts of slightly ripe fruits showed IC50 of 4.44 μg/mL, 1.72 μg/mL, and 8.62 μg/mL for the peel, seed, and pulp, respectively. This is the 1st report on the antioxidant properties of the extracts of araticum. Owing to these properties, the studies can be further extending to exploit them for their possible application as natural antioxidant for cosmetic, supplements, and functional ingredients for food products.

Effect of extracts from araticum (Annona crassiflora) on CCl4-induced liver damage in rats

“…Hence, there is probably no need to be concerned about interactions between plant-based drugs and conventional medicines. The antioxidant activity of the A. crassiflora extracts in vitro (ROESLER et al, 2006) and in vivo, as demonstrated in this study, may be mediated by compounds such as ascorbic acid, caffeic acid, quinic acid, ferulic acid, xanthoxylin, caffeoyltartaric acid, caffeoyl glucose, [quercetin + hexose + pentose-H], and rutin. These compounds are widely reported as potent antioxidants and can probably explain the antioxidant activity of the A. crassiflora extracts (GÜLÇIN, 2006; …”

“…For the peel extract group, there was also a tendency for body gain profile reduction (-9%). In adittion, araticum seeds have approximately 16% of lipids (ROESLER et al, 2006). The lipids from the seeds were not removed before preparing the extracts and the solvent used for the extraction process also removed lipids; therefore, it is possible to affirm that the seed extract has approximately 16% of lipids as well.…”

“…After incubation for 60 minutes at 37 °C, the reaction was stopped by adding 0.5 mL of 0.83% thiobarbituric acid dissolved in Annona crassiflora, commonly known as araticum, is a tropical fruit consumed mainly by native people of the Brazilian cerrado (the second biggest biome of Brazil). In previous studies, the seeds and peel of slightly ripe fruit were found to have significant antioxidant activity in various models in vitro (ROESLER et al, 2006). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) also revealed the presence of important bioactive components widely recognized as antioxidants including malic acid, ascorbic acid, caffeic acid, quinic acid, ferulic acid, xanthoxylin, rutin, caffeoyltartaric acid, caffeoyl glucose, and [quercetin + hexose + pentose -H]-1 (ROESLER et al, 2007).…”

“…As shown in (1) Represents significant difference from group 1 at p < 0.05; (2) represents significant difference from group 2 at p < 0.05, and (3) represents significant difference from group 3 at p < 0.05. radical scavenging potential of Annona crassiflora peel and seed extracts at different concentrations by the DPPH method, and the seed and peel presented IC 50 of 31.14 and 48.82 µg.mL -1 , respectively. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation using rat liver microsomes as an oxidative system was evaluated, and it was found that fifty percent inhibition of lipid peroxidation of microsomes to TBARS requires 1.72 µg.mL -1 of seed ethanolic extract, 4.44 µg.mL -1 of peel ethanolic extract, and 8.62 µg.mL -1 of pulp etanolic extract (ROESLER et al, 2006).…”

Contents of constituents and antioxidant activity of seed and pulp extracts of Annona coriacea and Annona sylvatica

“…Several studies that included the species of Annona report excellent antioxidant activity, such as, the leaves of A. dioica (Formagio et al, 2013); leaves, bark, roots, and seedcake of A. squamosa (Baskar et al, 2007;Mariod et al, 2012;Shirwaikar et al, 2004); pulp, seeds, and peel of A. crassiflora (Roesler et al, 2006;; bark and leaves of Annona salzmannii (Costa et al, 2011(Costa et al, , 2012a; leaves of A. reticulata and A. muricata (Baskar et al, 2007;Melo et al, 2010); leaves of A. senegalensis (Ajboye et al, 2010); leaves of A. pickelii (Costa et al, 2011);and leaves of A. vepretorun (Costa et al, 2012b).…”