Evaluation of the Best Region for Measuring Eye Temperature in Dairy Cows Exposed to Heat Stress

Shu, Hang; Li, Yongfeng; Fang, Tingting; Xing, Mingjie; Sun, Fuyu; Chen, Xiaoyang; Bindelle, Jérôme; Wang, Wensheng; Guo, Lei

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.857777

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the current study, no significant differences were found between the temperature of the right and left eyes before and after the race, which is confirmed by other studies in dogs and dairy cows [16,25]. The average minimum temperature for the eye region was statistically lower after running for both runs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Infrared Thermography in Assessment of Facial Temperature of Racing Sighthound-Type Dogs in Different Environmental Conditions

Budny-Walczak,

Wilk,

Kupczyński

2024

Animals

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The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of IRT measurements of selected regions of interest (ROI), i.e., the eyeball and the nose of whippet dogs, before and after coursing competitions taking place in various environmental conditions, thereby enabling the assessment of well-being and the level of heat stress. The research was carried out over two different periods with different thermal humidity indexes (THIs). In the first period, the THI was 59.27 (Run 1), while in the second period, the THI was 63.77 (Run 2). The experimental subjects comprised 111 sighthound-type dogs—whippets—that were photographed with a thermal imaging camera to determine their eye temperature (ET) and nose temperature (NT). The average minimum and maximum eye temperatures were statistically lower after running in both measurements. Increased minimum and maximum nose temperatures were also demonstrated after both runs. The nasal temperature values were statistically higher for Run 2, for which the THI was higher, compared to Run 1. Eyeball temperature may be a marker of thermoregulation ability, regardless of the ambient temperature. The value of ETmax decreased on average by 2.23 °C and 0.4 °C, while NTmax increased uniformly by 2 °C after both runs. A correlation was found between the IRT measurements and physiological indicators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Infrared Thermography in Assessment of Facial Temperature of Racing Sighthound-Type Dogs in Different Environmental Conditions

Budny-Walczak,

Wilk,

Kupczyński

2024

Animals

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“…Difference between the responses of the lacrimal caruncle and lacrimal gland may also reflect the fact that the latter is irrigated by the infraorbital artery, a structure innervated by the sympathetic branch of the facial nerve (52, 58,60). Given these anatomical traits, these regions could be helpful for indirectly assessing autonomic nervous system activity as a stress response (61,62).…”

Section: Temperature Variation According To the Thermal Windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of birth weight and time of day on the thermal response of newborn water buffalo calves

Napolitano

Bragaglio²,

Braghieri

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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During the 1st days of life, water buffalo calves, especially those with low birth weight, are susceptible to hypothermic mortality due to scarce energy reserves provided by fats. This means that monitoring the thermal state of newborns is essential. The objectives of the present study were to apply infrared thermography (IRT) in 109 buffalo calves to detect differences in the surface temperatures of six thermal windows –lacrimal gland, lacrimal caruncle, periocular region, nostrils, ear canal, pelvic limbs–, and determine their association to birth weight during the first 6 days of life. The calves were divided into four categories according to their weight (Q1, 37.8–41.25 kg; Q2, 41.3–46.3 kg; Q3, 46.4–56.3 kg; Q4, 56.4–60.3 kg). The thermographic images were recorded in the morning and afternoon. Results showed that the animals in Q4 registered the highest temperatures in all the thermal windows, and that these were higher in the afternoon (p < 0.0001). When considering the thermal windows, those located in the facial region recorded the highest temperatures; in contrast, the temperatures at the pelvic limbs remained below the average values of the other windows (33.41 and 33.76°C in the morning and afternoon, respectively). According to these results, the birth weight of water buffaloes is a factor that alters their thermoregulation during the 1st days of life, a condition that can be partially compensated by colostrum intake to promote development of an efficient thermoregulatory mechanism in water buffalo calves.

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“…The emissivity was set to 0.98, and the distance between the cow and the camera was approximately 1.5 m, in accordance with previous studies ( 29 ). We used eye temperature as a measure of BT, as confirmed in our previous study ( 30 ). Physiological indicator measurements were conducted twice daily on each of the 7 test days, with one measurement at 08:00 h to 09:00 h and the other at 14:00 h to 15:00 h in each period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of heat stress on endocrine, thermoregulatory, and lactation capacity in heat-tolerant and -sensitive dry cows

Chen,

Li,

Fang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionIncreasing global temperatures present a significant challenge to livestock production. The dry period is an important stage in the production cycle of cow, and environmental heat stress (HS) during this period can have adverse effects on the subsequent lactation performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of HS on endocrine, thermoregulatory, and lactation parameters in heat-tolerant dry cows (HTDC) and heat-sensitive dry cows (HSDC).MethodsWe measured the respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), and temperature-humidity index (THI) in 66 dry cows during HS. The slopes of RR and BT to THI were determined through analysis of measurements and dry cows background information using a mixed-effects model. Subsequently, the heat tolerance or sensitivity of dry cows was assessed using clustering method (HTDC = 19 and HSDC = 47).ResultsCompared with that of HSDC, the RR of HTDC significantly increased after exposure to HS (p < 0.05). The average reduction in milk yield from new lactation to the previous lactation was significantly lower in HTDC compared to HSDC (p < 0.05). Plasma cortisol and non-esterified fatty acid levels were significantly lower in HTDC compared to HSDC (p < 0.05), while plasma triiodothyronine (p = 0.07) and growth hormone (p = 0.08) levels tended to be higher in HTDC relative to HSDC.DiscussionHTDC can more effectively alleviate the impacts of HS through their superior thermoregulation and metabolism, thereby ensuring optimal postpartum lactation performance.

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Evaluation of the Best Region for Measuring Eye Temperature in Dairy Cows Exposed to Heat Stress

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Infrared Thermography in Assessment of Facial Temperature of Racing Sighthound-Type Dogs in Different Environmental Conditions

Infrared Thermography in Assessment of Facial Temperature of Racing Sighthound-Type Dogs in Different Environmental Conditions

The effect of birth weight and time of day on the thermal response of newborn water buffalo calves

Effects of heat stress on endocrine, thermoregulatory, and lactation capacity in heat-tolerant and -sensitive dry cows

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