Evaluation of the Blood Film

Campbell, Terry W.

doi:10.1016/j.cll.2015.05.016

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Blood smears were examined by only one observer with a compound microscope at 400 and 1,000× magnification. Leukocytes were identified as heterophils (H), lymphocytes (L), eosinophils, monocytes, or basophils ( Campbell, 2015 ). At least 100 white blood cells were counted per slide in duplicates or triplicates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under pressure—exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions

Pelletier,

Blier,

Vézina

et al. 2023

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Life history theory predicts trade-offs between reproduction and survival in species like the northern gannet (Morus bassanus). During breeding, demanding foraging conditions lead them to expand their foraging range and diversify their diet, increasing the risk of reproductive failure. Changing partners may enhance breeding success but lead to more physiological costs. Methods To investigate the physiological costs of reproduction upon partner changes, we measured and compared 21 biomarkers related to telomere dynamics, oxidative stress, inflammation, hematology, nutritional status, and muscle damage. We used a longitudinal approach with gannets (n = 38) over three contrasting years (2017, 2018 and 2019). Results Our results suggest that annual breeding conditions exert a greater influence on physiological changes than partnership status. Individuals that changed partner experienced greater short-term stress than retained partners. This transient increase in stress was marked by short-term increases in oxidative lipid damage, lower antioxidant capacity, signs of inflammation, and greater weight loss than individuals that retained partners. During favorable conditions, individuals that changed mates had stabilized telomere length, decreased antioxidant capacity, glucose concentration, and muscle damage, along with increased oxygen transport capacity. Conversely, unfavorable breeding conditions led to increased telomere attrition, stabilized antioxidant capacity, decreased inflammation susceptibility, diminished oxygen transport capacity, and increased muscle damage. In the cases where partners were retained, distinct physiological changes were observed depending on the year’s conditions, yet the telomere dynamics remained consistent across both partnership status categories. During the favorable year, there was an increase in unsaturated fatty acids and oxygen transport capacity in the blood, coupled with a reduction in inflammation potential and protein catabolism. In contrast, during the unfavorable year in the retained mates, we observed an increase in oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant capacity, weight loss, but a decrease in inflammation susceptibility as observed in changed mates. Discussion Our study shows that behavioral flexibility such as mate switching can help seabirds cope with the challenges of food scarcity during reproduction, but these coping strategies may have a negative impact on physiological status at the individual level. In addition, the marked reduction in telomere length observed during harsh conditions, coupled with the stabilization of telomere length in favorable conditions, highlights the long-term physiological impact of annual breeding conditions on seabirds. These findings underscore the effect on their potential survival and fitness, emphasizing that the influence of annual breeding conditions is greater than that of partnership status.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under pressure—exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions

Pelletier,

Blier,

Vézina

et al. 2023

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Once airdried, smears were stained using a Wright's Giemsa solution (G1020, Solarbio, Beijing) according to manufacturer's instructions for microscopic observation. One hundred leucocytes including lymphocyte, heterophil and monocyte cells were counted in different elds on each slide, using a Leica DM500 microscope with a magni cation of 1000× and the H/L ratio was calculated by dividing the number of heterophils by the number of lymphocytes [44].…”

Section: Phenotype Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenetic Basis of Chicken’s Heterophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Revealed by Genome-wide Indel Variants Analysis

Zhao

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundEnhancing host immunity is an effective way to reduce morbidity in chickens. Heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio is associated with host disease resistance in birds. Chickens with different H/L ratio levels show different disease resistances, caused by a difference in the functional capacity of heterophils. In this study, an H/L directional breeding chicken line was constructed and a combined statistical analysis was used to explore the candidate genes and pathways related to H/L ratio based on whole-genome sequencing of 368 individuals, divided into a non-selection line (NS) and selection lines including G5, G9 and F2 of G9.ResultsHeterophils isolated from the H/L selection line had stronger phagocytosis and oxidative burst function than non-selection line. The 22.44 Mb genomic regions which annotated 300 protein-coding genes were selected in the genome of G9 compared to NS based on a genome-wide selective sweep. Several selective regions were identified containing genes like interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 (IFIH1) and moesin (MSN) associated with the intracellular receptor signaling pathway, C-C motif chemokine receptor 6(CCR6)、dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4) and hemolytic complement (HC) associated with the negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis and tight junction protein 1(TJP1) associated with actin cytoskeleton organization. In addition, 45 genome-wide significant indels containing 29 protein-coding genes were also identified as associated with the H/L ratio based on genome-wide association study (GWAS). The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 5(PTPN5) and oxysterol binding protein like 5(OSBPL5) were positively correlated with H/L ratio and significantly different between the high and low H/L groups of the Beijing-You chicken. The A/A allelic frequency of indel 5_13108985 (P-value= 3.85E-06) within OSBPL5 gradually increased from the non-selection line to the G5 and G9 and the individuals with A/A exhibited lower H/L ratio. ConclusionsThe phagocytosis and oxidative burst functions were enhanced and 22.44 Mb genomic regions were selected with the directional selection of H/L ratio. PTPN5 and OSBPL5 genes were identified as candidate genes. These findings revealed the complex genetic mechanism of H/L ratio related to immunity and will allow selection for improving chicken immunity based on the H/L ratio.

show abstract

“…The shape and distribution of cell nuclei in pathology images is used to determine cell, tissue, and cancer types, and is critical in cancer identification, grading, and prognosis [10]. For example, in blood smears, multi-lobed nuclei typically indicate neutrophils, oval and kidney-shaped nuclei mark monocytes, round nuclei with a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio mark lymphocytes, while fully developed red blood cells lack nuclei all together [11,12]. Cigar-shaped nuclei help identify smooth muscle, and, when found out of place, leiomyosarcoma [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Adversarial Training for Multi-Organ Nuclei Segmentation in Histopathology Images

Mahmood

Borders

Chen

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging

269

169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nuclei segmentation is a fundamental task for various computational pathology applications, including nuclei morphology analysis, cell type classification, and cancer grading. Deep learning has emerged as a powerful approach to segment nuclei, but the accuracy of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) depends on the volume and quality of labeled histopathology data for training. Moreover, conventional CNN-based approaches struggle to distinguish overlapping and clumped nuclei because they lack the capability for structured prediction. Here, we present an approach to nuclei segmentation that overcomes these challenges by utilizing a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) trained with synthetic and real data. We generate a large dataset of H&E training images with perfect nuclei segmentation labels using an unpaired GAN framework. This synthetic data along with real histopathology data from different organs are used to train a conditional GAN with spectral normalization and gradient penalty for nuclei segmentation. This adversarial regression framework enforces higher-order consistency when compared to conventional CNN models. We demonstrate that this nuclei segmentation approach generalizes across different organs, sites, patients and disease states, and outperforms conventional approaches, especially in isolating individual and overlapping nuclei.

show abstract

Evaluation of the Blood Film

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Under pressure—exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions

Under pressure—exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions

Immunogenetic Basis of Chicken’s Heterophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Revealed by Genome-wide Indel Variants Analysis

Deep Adversarial Training for Multi-Organ Nuclei Segmentation in Histopathology Images

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About