Evaluation of the chemical model of vestibular lesions induced by arsanilate in rats

Vignaux, Guillaume; Chabbert, Christian; Gaboyard-Niay, Sophie; Travo, Cécile; Machado, Marie-Laure; Denise, Pierre; Comoz, F.; Hitier, Martin; Landemore, Gérard; Philoxene, Bruno; Besnard, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.10.008

Cited by 68 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…Acute unilateral loss or longterm bilateral loss in humans and rodents is known to cause daily locomotor impairment, expressed as a vestibular syndrome such as gait ataxia and walking deviation in humans, and head bobbing and cycling in rodents (5,54,62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although daily rhythms of Temp and Act in rats in the control group recovered within about 1 wk, rats in the BVL group still showed a high level of vestibular symptoms at 1 mo due to the lack of compensation inherent in a one-step bilateral lesion (5,62). Consequently, walking and postural parameters between rats in the SO and BVL groups remained similar up to 1 mo after vestibular lesion, in contrast to daily rhythms that independently recovered in the BVL group after 1 wk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A chemical model of a vestibular lesion was chosen to explore the effect of a sudden disruption of all vestibular inputs. Transtympanic arsanilate injection leads to selective lesion of vestibular hair cells without any damage to the external ear tract, eustachian tubes, oropharynx, VIIIth nerve, or Scarpa's ganglion, indicating a lack of diffusion of arsanilate through the peripheral tissues and blood and through the sheath of the VIIIth cranial nerve up to the brainstem (62).…”

Section: General Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circadian impairment in space might be caused either by the loss of the abnormal light/dark cycle or by inhibition of the otolithic signal due to loss of gravity (13,60). On Earth, circadian rhythms have never been explored in the numerous vestibular-deficiency rodent models (26,35,62) mimicking a switch to a zero G level.…”

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Vestibular loss disrupts daily rhythm in rats

Martin

Mauvieux

Bulla

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Hypergravity disrupts the circadian regulation of temperature (Temp) and locomotor activity (Act) mediated through the vestibular otolithic system in mice. In contrast, we do not know whether the anatomical structures associated with vestibular input are crucial for circadian rhythm regulation at 1 G on Earth. In the present study we observed the effects of bilateral vestibular loss (BVL) on the daily rhythms of Temp and Act in semipigmented rats. Our model of vestibular lesion allowed for selective peripheral hair cell degeneration without any other damage. Rats with BVL exhibited a disruption in their daily rhythms (Temp and Act), which were replaced by a main ultradian period ( Ͻ20 h) for 115.8 Ϯ 68.6 h after vestibular lesion compared with rats in the control group. Daily rhythms of Temp and Act in rats with BVL recovered within 1 wk, probably counterbalanced by photic and other nonphotic time cues. No correlation was found between Temp and Act daily rhythms after vestibular lesion in rats with BVL, suggesting a direct influence of vestibular input on the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Our findings support the hypothesis that the vestibular system has an influence on daily rhythm homeostasis in semipigmented rats on Earth, and raise the question of whether daily rhythms might be altered due to vestibular pathology in humans. vestibular system; biological rhythms; temperature; locomotor activity; rats LOCATED IN THE TEMPORAL BONES, the vestibular system is composed of three semicircular canals that encode head rotation velocity and two otolithic macula that encode linear acceleration and gravity force. The vestibular system is primarily involved in gaze stabilization and postural control (23), but its influence has been expanded to autonomic and bone regulation (11,61,63), spatial learning and memory (5, 6, 56), and spatial orientation and perception of gravitational verticality (37). Studies carried out in environments in which gravity is altered have shown evidence of a possible influence of the vestibular system on hypothalamic circadian function in rats (27) and mice (18,46

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vestibular loss disrupts daily rhythm in rats

Martin

Mauvieux

Bulla

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…It can be considered as a synthesis of best existing techniques to induce labyrinthectomy in rodents (1,3,4,7,10,11,13,14,18,(23)(24)(25) with a novel standardized microsurgical approach to the mastoid bulla, and to the cochlea. Drilling into the cochlea with subsequent suctioning of the fluid and of cellular contents, as well as the ethanol washes, ensure the destruction of the Corti organ and of the stria vascularis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple standard technique for labyrinthectomy in the rat: A methodical communication with a detailed description of the surgical process

Nádasy

Raffai

Fehér

et al. 2016

Physiology International

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Aims: Labyrinthectomized rats are suitable models to test consequences of vestibular lesion and are widely used to study neural plasticity. We describe a combined microsurgical-chemical technique that can be routinely performed with minimum damage. Methods: Caudal leaflet of the parotis is elevated. The tendinous fascia covering the bulla is opened frontally from the sternomastoid muscle's tendon while sparing facial nerve branches. A 4 mm diameter hole is drilled into the bulla's hind lower lateral wall to open the common (in rodents) mastoid-tympanic cavity. The cochlear crista (promontory) at the lower posterior part of its medial wall is identified as a bony prominence. A 1 mm diameter hole is drilled into its lower part. The perilymphatic/endolymphatic fluids with tissue debris of the Corti organ are suctioned. Ethanol is injected into the hole. Finally, 10 μL of sodium arsenite solution (50 μM/mL) is pumped into the labyrinth and left in place for 15 min. Simple closure in two layers (fascia and skin) is sufficient. Results and conclusion: All rats had neurological symptoms specific for labyrinthectomy (muscle tone, body position, rotatory movements, nystagmus, central deafness). Otherwise, their behavior was unaffected, drinking and eating normally. After a few days, they learned to balance relying on visual and somatic stimuli (neuroplasticity).

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Vestibular loss promotes procedural response during a spatial task in rats

et al. 2014

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Declarative memory refers to a spatial strategy using numerous sources of sensory input information in which visual and vestibular inputs are assimilated in the hippocampus. In contrast, procedural memory refers to a response strategy based on motor skills and familiar gestures and involves the striatum. Even if vestibular loss impairs hippocampal activity and spatial memory, vestibular-lesioned rats remain able to find food rewards during complex spatial memory task. Since hippocampal lesions induce a switch from declarative memory to procedural memory, we hypothesize that vestibular-lesioned rats use a strategy other than that of hippocampal spatial response to complete the task and to counterbalance the loss of vestibular information. We test, in a reverse T-maze paradigm, the types of strategy vestibular-lesioned rats preferentially uses in a spatial task. We clearly demonstrate that all vestibular-lesioned rats shift to a response strategy to solve the spatial task, while control rats use spatial and response strategies equally. We conclude that the loss of vestibular informations leading to spatial learning impairments is not offset at the hippocampus level by integration process of other sense mainly visual informations; but favors a response strategy through procedural memory most likely involving the striatum, cerebellum, and motor learning.

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Evaluation of the chemical model of vestibular lesions induced by arsanilate in rats

Cited by 68 publications

References 43 publications

Vestibular loss disrupts daily rhythm in rats

Vestibular loss disrupts daily rhythm in rats

A simple standard technique for labyrinthectomy in the rat: A methodical communication with a detailed description of the surgical process

Vestibular loss promotes procedural response during a spatial task in rats

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