Evaluation of the choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer and visual fields in morbid obesity

Gonul, Saban; Yılmaz, Hüseyin; Gedik, Şansal; Öztürk, Bayram; Oflaz, Ayşe Bozkurt; Şahi̇n, Mustafa

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_295_20

“…Obesity is a multisystemic disease, and it affects all tissues as well as the eye. The effects of obesity on ocular tissues have been reported in previous studies (7)(8)(9). Especially, the changes in the retina due to microvascular damage and inflammation may be observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of the alteration in retinal features following bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity

Çay

¹

,

Vural

²

2022

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine

2

0

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Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on the retina and choroid in non-diabetic and non-hypertensive patients with morbid obesity using optic coherence tomography (OCT) retrospectively. Material and Method: Seventy-four eyes of seventy-four patients who have been underwent sleeve gasterectomy for morbid obesity in Balıkesir University Medicine Faculty & February 2019 and November 2020 were evaluated. All participants has a detailed ophthalmologic examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, retinal examination through non-dilated pupil via 90 D fundus lens, the retinal thickness (central, perifoveal, and parafoveal superior/nasal/inferior/temporal quadrants), and choroidal thickness through optic coherence tomography (RTVue XR Avanti, Optovue) in immediate preoperative and postoperative sixth-month. All values were compared. Results: The macular thickness was increased significantly in all quadrants in postoperative visits (p0.05). The correlation between preoperative BMI and preoperative choroidal thickness was significant (R: 0.416, p

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“…The relationship between the best CVA and the thicknesses was negatively correlated; as the P values were 0.78 and 0.58, respectively, the correlation was not obvious. Therefore, the role of nonvisual factors might affect the thickness of the RNFL, which was very inconsistent with the results of many foreign researches [ 31 ]. This may be influenced by racial differences or some subjective and objective factors, such as the degree of cooperation between patients, differences between individuals, and the size of the experiment sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Macular and Optic Disc Parameters in Children with Amblyopic and Nonamblyopic Eyes under Optical Coherence Tomography Fundus Images

Zhu

¹

,

Sun

²

,

Yang

³

et al. 2022

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of macular and optic disc parameters in children with amblyopic and nonamblyopic eyes, using fundus images under optical coherence tomography (OCT). 36 patients with anisometropic amblyopia were selected in the experimental group, and another 36 healthy volunteers were selected in the control group, OCT examinations were performed in all groups, and the mean diopter, mean corrected visual acuity (CVA), mean axial length, mean optic disc retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and mean macular fovea thickness were recorded in the two groups. The results found that the average diopter of the patients in the control group and the experimental group was + 2.30 ± 2.54 D and + 5.51 ± 1.76 D, respectively. The average CVA was 0.86 ± 0.07 and 0.22 ± 0.16 , respectively; the average eye axial length was 22.41 ± 1.20 mm and 21.11 ± 0.78 mm, respectively. As P < 0.05 , the differences were statistically significant in the three indicators between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the average thickness of the RNFL of the optic disc and the average thickness of the central fovea of macula ( P > 0.05 ). There was some correlation among CVA, diopter, eye axial length, RNFL thickness, and average thickness of macular fovea, but the correlation was not significant. It was suggested that there were certain differences in the macular and optic disc parameters between amblyopic and nonamblyopic children, but the difference is little. Thereout, a certain objective basis was provided for the early detection and treatment of amblyopia.

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“…Human retinal ganglion cells, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and choroidal thickness can all be significantly altered by obesity [ 220 , 221 , 222 ]. Several pieces of evidence showed that glaucomatous eyes have increased protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines, macrophage infiltration of the optic nerve [ 223 , 224 ], and intense inflammatory staining in the optic nerve head, which can damage the optic axon [ 225 , 226 ].…”

Section: Microbiome Dysbiosis At the Intersection Of Obesity And Glau...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Pathological Mechanism at the Intersection of Obesity and Glaucoma

Pezzino

¹

,

Sofia

²

,

Greco

³

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The rate at which obesity is becoming an epidemic in many countries is alarming. Obese individuals have a high risk of developing elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma. Additionally, glaucoma is a disease of epidemic proportions. It is characterized by neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation with optic neuropathy and the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). On the other hand, there is growing interest in microbiome dysbiosis, particularly in the gut, which has been widely acknowledged to play a prominent role in the etiology of metabolic illnesses such as obesity. Recently, studies have begun to highlight the fact that microbiome dysbiosis could play a critical role in the onset and progression of several neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in the development and progression of several ocular disorders. In obese individuals, gut microbiome dysbiosis can induce endotoxemia and systemic inflammation by causing intestinal barrier malfunction. As a result, bacteria and their metabolites could be delivered via the bloodstream or mesenteric lymphatic vessels to ocular regions at the level of the retina and optic nerve, causing tissue degeneration and neuroinflammation. Nowadays, there is preliminary evidence for the existence of brain and intraocular microbiomes. The altered microbiome of the gut could perturb the resident brain–ocular microbiome ecosystem which, in turn, could exacerbate the local inflammation. All these processes, finally, could lead to the death of RGC and neurodegeneration. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the recent evidence on the role of gut microbiome dysbiosis and related inflammation as common mechanisms underlying obesity and glaucoma.

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Evaluation of the choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer and visual fields in morbid obesity

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the alteration in retinal features following bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity

Evaluation of the alteration in retinal features following bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity

Macular and Optic Disc Parameters in Children with Amblyopic and Nonamblyopic Eyes under Optical Coherence Tomography Fundus Images

Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Pathological Mechanism at the Intersection of Obesity and Glaucoma

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