Evaluation of the Coastal Protect Function and the Port Function of Tidal Flats in Tokyo Bay

Okada, Tomonari; Takahashi, Toshiyuki; Mito, Yugo; Sugano, Tsukasa; Iseri, Erina; Akiyama, Yoshihiro; Watanabe, Kenta; Suzuki, Koujiro; Yoshida, Minoru; Toba, Mitsuharu; Kuwae, Tomohiro

doi:10.2208/kaigan.71.i_1651

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“…The index used for provisioning services was changed from biomass per unit area (t ha -1 ; stock units) of commercially important species to catch quantity per unit area per year (t ha -1 yr -1 ; flow units) by using the Schaefer production model (Schaefer 1957;Okada et al 2020). Coastal protection services were excluded from the evaluation because we did not evaluate the effects of gray infrastructure and because the effect of wave reduction on the tidal flats examined in this study is very small (Okada et al 2015). Removal of suspended matter and organic matter decomposition stem from related ecosystem processes and would likely be double-counted if assessed as two distinct services.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green port structures and their ecosystem services in highly urbanized Japanese bays

Okada

Mito²,

Akiyama

et al. 2021

Coastal Engineering Journal

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Green port structures (i.e. green infrastructure in ports and harbors) featuring habitats for marine organisms have been promoted in Japan as part of a comprehensive policy to reduce the environmental impact of ports and carry out habitat conservation, restoration, and creation. In this study, we evaluated the ecosystem services provided by green port structures in two highly urbanized bays (Tokyo Bay and Osaka Bay) in Japan. Our results show that the provision of some ecosystem services can be limited by circumstances particular to ports and other areas with restricted access. In the case of green port structures that have strong usage restrictions, for example, cultural services can only be provided if relevant authorities are prepared to conduct public events while ensuring participant safety. On the other hand, green port structures with weak usage restrictions are often equipped with incidental facilities such as parking lots and restrooms; these facilities can enhance the provision of cultural services (e.g. recreation and environmental education). Green port structures in highly urbanized bays often have usage restrictions, but their proximity to large populations means that they can potentially provide numerous ecosystem services. However, our study shows that appropriate management goals, such as protecting species and ensuring healthy habitats, are needed to maintain the value of these services in highly urbanized and eutrophic bays.

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Section: Evaluation Of Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%