Evaluation of the dry matter intake predictions of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System with Holstein and dual-purpose lactating cattle in the tropics

Molina, D.O; Matamoros, Isidro; Almeida, Zafira da Silva de; Tedeschi, L. O.; Pell, Alice N.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2003.11.010

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The concentrations of a variety of n-alkanes are sufficient, and vary sufficiently, in many tropical grasses for alkane marker procedures to be applied (Smith et al, 2001). Validation studies with cattle fed tropical grass forages reported that voluntary intake and diet digestibility could be satisfactorily measured with alkane markers (Molina et al, 2004;Morais et al, 2011). However, in some tropical grasses the concentrations of important alkanes may decrease markedly with increasing age of leaves (Laredo et al, 1991); this is of concern as the method depends on estimation of alkane concentration in the leaf ingested.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Pasture Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

Boval

Dixon

2012

Animal

186

106

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The global importance of grasslands is indicated by their extent; they comprise some 26% of total land area and 80% of agriculturally productive land. The majority of grasslands are located in tropical developing countries where they are particularly important to the livelihoods of some one billion poor peoples. Grasslands clearly provide the feed base for grazing livestock and thus numerous high-quality foods, but such livestock also provide products such as fertilizer, transport, traction, fibre and leather. In addition, grasslands provide important services and roles including as water catchments, biodiversity reserves, for cultural and recreational needs, and potentially a carbon sink to alleviate greenhouse gas emissions. Inevitably, such functions may conflict with management for production of livestock products. Much of the increasing global demand for meat and milk, particularly from developing countries, will have to be supplied from grassland ecosystems, and this will provide difficult challenges. Increased production of meat and milk generally requires increased intake of metabolizable energy, and thus increased voluntary intake and/or digestibility of diets selected by grazing animals. These will require more widespread and effective application of improved management. Strategies to improve productivity include fertilizer application, grazing management, greater use of crop by-products, legumes and supplements and manipulation of stocking rate and herbage allowance. However, it is often difficult to predict the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of such strategies, particularly in tropical developing country production systems. Evaluation and on-going adjustment of grazing systems require appropriate and reliable assessment criteria, but these are often lacking. A number of emerging technologies may contribute to timely low-cost acquisition of quantitative information to better understand the soil–pasture–animal interactions and animal management in grassland systems. Development of remote imaging of vegetation, global positioning technology, improved diet markers, near IR spectroscopy and modelling provide improved tools for knowledge-based decisions on the productivity constraints of grazing animals. Individual electronic identification of animals offers opportunities for precision management on an individual animal basis for improved productivity. Improved outcomes in the form of livestock products, services and/or other outcomes from grasslands should be possible, but clearly a diversity of solutions are needed for the vast range of environments and social circumstances of global grasslands.

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Section: Evaluation Of Pasture Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

Boval

Dixon

2012

Animal

186

106

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“…However, although the CNCPS contains a biological and mechanistic structure, which theoretically allows its application in various environmental conditions and management systems, with different breeds and feeds, the application in tropical conditions must be evaluated before recommending the use of this model in the tropical production systems (Molina et al, 2004), where breeds, food and management are, in most cases, different from those found in temperate regions. Therefore, the model application in tropical conditions requires prior evaluation and possible adjustments for optimization, particularly regarding the characterization of nitrogenous and carbohydrate fractions of tropical forages and respective degradation rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model on the prediction of dry matter intake and milk production of grazing crossbred cows

et al. 2012

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-The Cornel Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model version 5.0 was assessed as for its prediction of dry matter intake and milk production of grazing lactating Holstein × Zebu cows. Eight lactating cows grazing elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum., cv. Napier) were used in two experiments of 30 days each. The experimental design was of randomized blocks (subplots). Dry matter intake was estimated using the chromium oxide and in vitro dry matter digestibility techniques. The estimated dry matter intake was compared with the values predicted by the model. Extrusa samples of the elephant grass pasture were obtained from a cow with esophageal fistula during nine days in each experimental period.Carbohydrate and nitrogenous fractions were analyzed and the degradation rate of carbohydrate was estimated by the gas production technique. The inputs referring to the animals (body weight, age, milk production, milk composition and breed type), to the environment (temperature, relative humidity of air and management condition) and to feeds chemical composition in each experimental period were inserted in the model. The model was accurate on the prediction of dry matter intake, considering that the mean values obtained by the chromium oxide technique and predicted by model (2.45 and 2.46% of body weight, respectively) did not differ significantly from each other. However, the model underestimated the observed milk production in 62.4%, where the metabolizable energy was the first limiting. These results demonstrate the need for studies that provide the development of a database for tropical foods (chemical composition and dynamics of rumen fermentation) and fitting of the model to the tropical conditions, for its appropriate application in formulation of diets and supplements in these regions.

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“…A acurácia do modelo na predição dos parâmetros foi avaliada utilizando-se o desvio médio (DM) (Cochran & Cox, 1968) e a raiz do quadrado médio do erro da predição (RQMEP) (Bibby & Toutenburg, 1997, citados por Molina et al, 2004;Tedeschi et al, 2000;Tedeschi, 2006), que foram calculados da seguinte forma: DM = 1/nΣ (predito i -observado i ); RQMEP = 1/nΣ (predito iobservado i ) 2 .…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Avaliação do modelo CNCPS na predição do consumo de matéria seca em vacas da raça Holandesa em pastejo

Elyas¹,

Paiva²,

Lopes

et al. 2009

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o modelo Cornell Net Carbohydrate and ProteinSystem (CNCPS), versão 5.0, na predição do consumo de matéria seca de vacas da raça Holandesa, lactantes, em pastagem de capim coast-cross suplementada com silagem de milho e concentrado (3 ou 6 kg/vaca.dia). Foram realizados seis ensaios experimentais, cada um com 12 vacas. Em três das avaliações, os animais receberam, além do concentrado, 17 kg de silagem de milho/dia (base natural). As coletas de forragem selecionada na pastagem para análise da composição química foram realizadas por uma vaca com fístula esofágica. A estimativa do consumo voluntário foi realizada com sesquióxido de cromo (Cr 2 O 3 ), administrado em doses de 5 g, duas vezes ao dia. Foram fornecidos ao programa dados (inputs) referentes aos animais (peso vivo corporal, escore corporal, idade, produção e composição do leite e tipo racial), ao ambiente (temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e manejo) e à composição do alimento em cada período experimental. Os valores preditos pelo CNCPS para a ingestão voluntária de matéria seca foram próximos àqueles estimados, havendo pequena tendência do modelo em subestimar o valor determinado com o indicador.Palavras-chave: ingestão de matéria seca, modelos de predição, sistema de pastejo, vacas em lactação Evaluation of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System on the prediction of dry matter intake of grazing lactating Holstein cowsABSTRACT -The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) version 5.0 to estimate the dry matter intake (DMI) of grazing lactating Holstein cows, grazing coast-cross pasture supplemented with corn silage and concentrate (3 or 6 kg/cow/day). Six experiments were carried out, with 12 cows each. The cows were fed 17 kg/cow/day of corn ensilage in three experiments. The chemical composition of extrusa samples of forage was determined, obtained using an esophageous fistulated cow. The intake estimates were obtained using 5 g of chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) methodology supplied two times a day. Data corresponding to animals (body weight, age, milk yield and composition and racial type), environment (temperature, air relative humidity and management condition) and the feed chemical composition in each experimental period were provided to the program. The DMI values predicted by the CNCPS model were close to those obtained by the chromium oxide methodology.

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Evaluation of the dry matter intake predictions of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System with Holstein and dual-purpose lactating cattle in the tropics

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

The importance of grasslands for animal production and other functions: a review on management and methodological progress in the tropics

Evaluation of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model on the prediction of dry matter intake and milk production of grazing crossbred cows

Avaliação do modelo CNCPS na predição do consumo de matéria seca em vacas da raça Holandesa em pastejo

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