Evaluation of the Effect of Different Concentrations of Spirotetramat on the Diaspine Scale Parlatoria ziziphi in Citrus Orchards

Assouguem, Amine; Kara, Mohammed; Mechchate, Hamza; AlZain, Mashail N.; Noman, Omar; Imtara, Hamada$AAUP$Palestinian; Hano, Christophe; Ibrahim, Mansour$Other$Other N.; Benmessaoud, Safaâ; Farah, Abdellah; Lazraq, Abderahim$Other$Other

doi:10.3390/agronomy11091840

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This study was performed in Mechra Bel Ksiri, located north of Oued Sebou in the Gharb region, at an altitude of 300–500 m above sea level ( Figure 1 ) [ 28 ]. The climate is temperate to hot.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Impact of Different Management Methods on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Their Predators in Citrus Orchards

Assouguem

Kara

Mechchate

et al. 2022

Plants

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To evaluate the effectiveness of eco-friendly treatments based on detergents classified as non-hazardous and black soap on the pest Tetranychus urticae Koch 1836, and their predators (Euseius stipulatus Athias-Henriot, 1960, Typhlodromus sp., Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, 1957), different treatments were applied to citrus orchards planted with Valencia late (Orange) in the Mechraa Belksiri region of Morocco (T0 = control experiment; T1 = spirodiclofen 0.5 L/Ha; T2 = 125 L/Ha (5%) of black soap; T3 = detergent; 4 L/Ha of Oni product + 2 L/Ha of Tide product). The results obtained during the whole monitoring period indicated that the three treatments used, namely spirodiclofen, black soap, and detergents, ensured a reduction in the rate of population of the pest T. urticae compared to the untreated plot. In the untreated plot, the average was 45.01 A± 4.90 mobile forms, while the plot treated with spirodiclofen it was only 21.10 C ± 2.71, the black soap 31.49 B ± 3.35, and in the plot treated with detergents, the average was similar to that obtained by spirodiclofen (22.90 C ± 2.18). On the predators (E. stipulatus, P. persimilis, and Typhlodropmus sp.), the black soap and the treatment with detergents were less harmful compared to the chemical spirodiclofen.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Impact of Different Management Methods on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Their Predators in Citrus Orchards

Assouguem

Kara

Mechchate

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Spirotetramat is a bidirectional systemic insecticide in the form of suspension concentrate formulations, widely utilized for combating oral pests . Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting lipid biosynthesis, specifically by impeding the activity of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase during the lipid synthesis process in the targeted pests. − Market research indicates that spirotetramat offers the advantages of comprehensive insecticidal properties with a broad spectrum , and a long-lasting effect . However, the disadvantages of low solubility and poor pesticide release rate and reports of spirotetramat resistance have persistently emerged in recent years. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphic Development Strategy for Rapid Pesticide Release: A Case Study of Spirotetramat

Han,

et al. 2024

Crystal Growth & Design

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Spirotetramat has been utilized extensively in the world for its long-lasting effects. However, since form I has been reported with the disadvantages of low solubility and poor pesticide release rate in the literature, systematic crystal form screening is urgently required. In this study, a new polymorph (form II) was discovered by melt crystallization, and its single crystal grew in melt microdroplets. In comparison to form I, form II is a metastable crystal form with a lower melting point and enthalpy as well as higher lattice energy. Its solubility is higher than that of form I. The increased solubility facilitates the release of pesticides at an accelerated rate. Furthermore, a series of stability experiments have shown that form II can maintain stability at room temperature and ambient humidity for more than 3 months. The form II crystals retain their stability even after grinding or heating. Meanwhile, the phase transformations among three solid forms were presented. Finally, a solution crystallization method was proposed to prepare form II crystals with uniform particle size distribution.

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Characterization and insecticidal activity of two natural formulation types against the scale insect (Parlatoria ziziphi) and their biochemical effects on Citrus aurantium

et al. 2022

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Background The scale insect, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas) (Diaspididae: Hemiptera), is one of the most serious insects in citrus orchards in Egypt. The efficiency of two different formulation types (emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and nanoemulsions) based on the essential oils Artemisia herba-alba (Asso.) (Asterales: Asteraceae) and Laurus nobilis (L.) (Laurales: Lauraceae) at two concentrations of 3 and 5%, compared with the commercial mineral oil, Active Cable, was examined against P. ziziphi. The green formulations were named Artemisia and Laury relative to A. herba-alba and L. nobilis, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the tested formulations have been studied. Results All the EC formulations of the essential oils (EOs) as well as the nanoemulsions with ratios of EOs to Tween 1:1.5 (Artemisia) and 1:2 (Laury) passed all the tested characteristics. The droplet sizes of the successful nanoemulsions’ formulations by the ultrasonic emulsification were 153.7, 113.4 nm for Artemisia and 139.3, 89.4 nm for Laury at 3 and 5% concentrations, respectively. Laury EC caused average reductions of 92.79 and 94.94% (nymphs and females) when applied at 3 and 5%, respectively, while the same oil prepared as nanoemulsions caused average reductions of 50.02 and 55.32% at the same concentrations, compared with 91.74% reduction resulted from spraying Active Cable. Moreover, Artemisia caused reduction percentages of 74.97, 91.52 for EC and 43.7, 54.01 for nanoemulsions, sprayed at 3 and 5%, respectively. Although EC emulsions were more effective in reducing insect populations than nanoemulsion formulations, the efficiency of nanoemulsions gradually increased with time elapsed. The antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and polyphenol oxidase enzymes were researched. It is recognized that insect infestations increase plant enzyme activity to defend them against insect attack. The results revealed a significant reduction of all the examined enzymes which were more obvious for EC emulsions than nanoemulsions. Conclusions The EC formulations originated from the EOs, especially Laury 3% EC and Artemisia 5% EC, could be an alternative to the traditional insecticides for controlling the scale insect, P. ziziphi.

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Evaluation of the Effect of Different Concentrations of Spirotetramat on the Diaspine Scale Parlatoria ziziphi in Citrus Orchards

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluation of the Impact of Different Management Methods on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Their Predators in Citrus Orchards

Evaluation of the Impact of Different Management Methods on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Their Predators in Citrus Orchards

Polymorphic Development Strategy for Rapid Pesticide Release: A Case Study of Spirotetramat

Characterization and insecticidal activity of two natural formulation types against the scale insect (Parlatoria ziziphi) and their biochemical effects on Citrus aurantium

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