Evaluation of the Effect of Age on Functioning Hepatocyte Mass and Liver Blood Flow Using Liver Scintigraphy in Preoperative Estimations for Surgical Patients: Comparison with CT Volumetry

Wakabayashi, Hisao; Nishiyama, Yoshihiro; Ushiyama, Tomomi; Mizutani, Takashi; Maeta, Hajime

doi:10.1006/jsre.2002.6462

Cited by 87 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A predictive scoring system for changes in hepatic volume from PVE is desirable to evaluate the effect and to determine the indications of this procedure. To our knowledge, few previous studies have reported a systematic analysis using such predictors [17]. The present study is a preliminary trial, due to the small number of subjects and the heterogeneous patient background.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…99m Tc-GSA scintigraphy can provide useful information concerning functional liver volume in any part of the liver [16], and this is clinically useful to determine the appropriate hepatectomy. This examination reflects the effect of PVE better than CT volumetry [17]. We have hypothesized that the functional volume might more closely reflect a correlation with predictive parameters for PVE effect in comparison with morphological volume by CT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship of Hepatic Functional Parameters with Changes of Functional Liver Volume Using Technetium-99m Galactosyl Serum Albumin Scintigraphy in Patients Undergoing Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization: A Follow-Up Report

Nanashima¹,

Tobinaga²,

Abo³

et al. 2010

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Hepatic Functional Parameters with Changes of Functional Liver Volume Using Technetium-99m Galactosyl Serum Albumin Scintigraphy in Patients Undergoing Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization: A Follow-Up Report

Nanashima¹,

Tobinaga²,

Abo³

et al. 2010

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…First, the cellular fraction of organs and tissues is lower in elderly adults than in young and middle-age adults. In support of this explanation, well-established changes in the whole body and liver showed an expansion of the extracellular compartments and a relative loss of cellularity (3,27,28). The effect of organ fat, which may differ between age groups, on the K i values should also be considered.…”

Section: New Approach Of Evaluating Elia's K I Values In Adult Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues across adulthood: evaluation by mechanistic model of resting energy expenditure

Wang¹,

Ying²,

Bosy‐Westphal³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

413

271

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Background: The specific resting metabolic rates (K i ; in kcal Á kg 21 Á d 21) of major organs and tissues in adults were suggested by Elia (in Energy metabolism: tissue determinants and cellular corollaries. New York, NY: Raven Press, 1992) to be as follows: 200 for liver, 240 for brain, 440 for heart and kidneys, 13 for skeletal muscle, 4.5 for adipose tissue, and 12 for residual organs and tissues. However, Elia's K i values have never been fully evaluated. Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the applicability of Elia's K i values across adulthood and to explore the potential influence of age on the K i values. Design: A new approach was developed to evaluate the K i values of major organs and tissues on the basis of a mechanistic model: REE = R(K i · T i ), where REE is whole-body resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry, and T i is the mass of individual organs and tissues measured by magnetic resonance imaging. With measured REE and T i , marginal 95% CIs for K i values were calculated by stepwise univariate regression analysis. An existing database of nonobese, healthy adults [n = 131; body mass index (in kg/m 2 ),30] was divided into 3 age groups: 21-30 y (young, n = 43), 31-50 y (middle-age, n = 51), and .50 y (n = 37). Results: Elia's K i values were within the range of 95% CIs in the young and middle-age groups. However, Elia's K i values were outside the right boundaries of 95% CIs in the .50-y group, which indicated that Elia's study overestimated K i values by 3% in this group. Ageadjusted K i values for adults aged .50 y were 194 for liver, 233 for brain, 426 for heart and kidneys, 12.6 for skeletal muscle, 4.4 for adipose tissue, and 11.6 for residuals. Conclusion: The general applicability of Elia's K i values was validated across adulthood, although age adjustment is appropriate for specific applications.

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“…Another possible cause of low ALT, and thus a potential contributor to its relationship with mortality, is a low liver reserve, as can be seen with aging [30][31][32] and cirrhosis, including that secondary to 'burnt out' NAFLD/NASH [13]. Indeed, the severity of fibrosis in NAFLD is thought to be the most important histological variable for predicting mortality [33,34], including cardiovascular mortality [35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite associations between alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase levels and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: Analysis of the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study

et al. 2016

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Opposite associations between alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase levels and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: analysis of the fenofibrate intervention and event lowering in diabetes (FIELD) study Kathryn H. Williams, David R. Sullivan, Geoffrey C. Nicholson, Jacob George, Alicia J. Jenkins, Andrzej S. Januszewski, Val J. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. (2) 9562 5304; E-mail: fieldtrial@ctc.usyd.edu.au. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT3 Abstract AimsReported associations between liver enzymes and mortality may not hold true in type 2 diabetes, owing to a high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which has been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality in its own right. Our study aimed to determine whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels predict mortality in type 2 diabetes, and to examine possible mechanisms. MethodsData from the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study were analysed to examine the relationship between liver enzymes and all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 5 years. ResultsOver 5 years, 679 (6.9%) individuals died. After adjustment, for every standard deviation increase in ALT (13.2U/L), the HR for death on study was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78-0.93), p<0.001.Conversely, GGT >70 U/L, compared with GGT ≤70 U/L, had HR 1.82 (1.48−2.24), p<0.001.For cause-specific mortality, lower ALT was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular death only, whereas GGT >70 U/L was associated with higher risks of death due to cardiovascular disease, cancer and non-cancer/non-cardiovascular causes. The relationship for ALT persisted after adjustment for indirect measures of frailty but was attenuated by elevated hsCRP. ConclusionsAs in the general population, ALT has a negative, and GGT a positive, correlation with mortality in type 2 diabetes when ALT is less than two times the upper limit of normal. The relationship A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT4 for ALT appears specific for death due to cardiovascular disease. Links of low ALT with frailty, as a potential mechanism for relationships seen, were neither supported nor conclusively refuted by our analysis and other factors are also likely to be important in those with type 2 diabetes.

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Evaluation of the Effect of Age on Functioning Hepatocyte Mass and Liver Blood Flow Using Liver Scintigraphy in Preoperative Estimations for Surgical Patients: Comparison with CT Volumetry

Cited by 87 publications

References 17 publications

Relationship of Hepatic Functional Parameters with Changes of Functional Liver Volume Using Technetium-99m Galactosyl Serum Albumin Scintigraphy in Patients Undergoing Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization: A Follow-Up Report

Relationship of Hepatic Functional Parameters with Changes of Functional Liver Volume Using Technetium-99m Galactosyl Serum Albumin Scintigraphy in Patients Undergoing Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization: A Follow-Up Report

Specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues across adulthood: evaluation by mechanistic model of resting energy expenditure

Opposite associations between alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase levels and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: Analysis of the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study

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