Evaluation of the Effect of Green Tea Extract on Mouth Bacterial Activity in the Presence of Propylene Glycol

Abstract

Background: Compounds present in green tea have proved to inhibit the growth and activity of bacteria associated with infections. Objectives: To assess the effects of green tea leaves extract in presence of propylene glycol on the aerobic mouth bacteria load. Materials and Methods: Saliva of 25 volunteer girl students aging 20-25 years were selected and evaluated by a mouthwash sample containing 1% tannin, as the most effective antibacterial complex in green tea. Comparative studies were also conducted between green tea mouthwashes containing 1% tannin and a similar sample with 10% propylene glycol added during extraction. This comparison was applied for a chlorhexidine 0.2% sample as a chemical mouthwash brand, too. Results: There was a meaningful difference between the green tea mouthwashes containing 10% propylene glycol and the simple green tea extract (P < 0.05). Significant difference was also seen between the herbal and chemical mouthwashes (P < 0.05). The extract 1% tannin containing 10% propylene glycol reduced the aerobic mouth bacterial load of the student salvia about 64 percent. The pH monotonousness in different days and temperatures approved the stability of tannin in liquid water medium. Conclusions: Using green tea extract as a herbal mouthwash is safe and harmless specially for children and pregnant women. This result led us to suppose that green tea may prevent plaque formation on teeth, coming over halitosis due to mouth infection, too. These effects need to be approved in an in vivo trial as a second study.

Clinical efficacy of green tea, aloe vera and chlorhexidine mouthwashes in the treatment of dental biofilm induced gingivitis: A multi‐arm, double‐blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial

“…Tea catechins possess galloyl radicals that could restrain collagenase enzymes present in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, responsible for the disruption of collagen in gingival tissues in patients suffering from periodontal disease. Catechin also reduces the protease enzyme of P. gingivalis , thus reducing the damage to the periodontal tissues 26,27 . Catechins in Green tea hinder tyrosine phosphatase protein in the bacteria Prevotella intermedia responsible for gingival and periodontal diseases 41 …”

“…Many researchers have observed a reduction in the gingival index when using green tea mouthwash, showing a therapeutic effect that improves the gingival status of patients 26 . A recent systematic review evaluated the usefulness of green tea and chlorhexidine mouthwash as an anti‐plaque agent and showed that green tea mouthwash comparably reduces plaque and gingival index 42 .…”

“…One of the most commonly studied commercial herbal mouthwashes contained Green tea extract 18,23–25 . Green tea consists of several bioactive compounds, mainly rich in flavonoids, including catechin and their derivatives, such as epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC) and epicatechin 26 . Green tea polyphenols inhibit the development of periodontal pathogens, thereby preventing inflammation of periodontal tissues 27 .…”

Effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) mouthwash containing 1% tannin on dental plaque and chronic gingivitis: a double‐blinded, randomized, controlled trial

“…According to Moghbel et al ., using a sample with 1% tannin compared to 0.25% and 0.5% could decrease the microbial load in the saliva samples as much as twofold (26–32%), and even more with the addition of propylene glycol; therefore, in the present study, we used a 1% tannin preparation of green tea …”

“…According to Moghbel et al, using a sample with 1% tannin compared to 0.25% and 0.5% could decrease the microbial load in the saliva samples as much as twofold (26-32%), and even more with the addition of propylene glycol; therefore, in the present study, we used a 1% tannin preparation of green tea. 24,31,32 Chlorhexidine is known as the most effective antiplaque agent to date. In their systematic review, Berchier et al stated that while 0.2% and 0.12% concentrations of chlorhexidine have the same efficacy on gingivitis, the 0.2% concentration better inhibits plaque accumulation.…”