Evaluation of the Efficacy of Chemical Method to Determine Urinary Tract Stone Composition

Abstract

Objective: The present study evaluated use of chemical method to determine components and category of urinary stones described in current stone disease guidelines.Methods: Chemical analysis of total of 198 urinary stones was performed between March 2014 and September 2015. Calcium, oxalate, uric acid, magnesium, phosphate, cysteine, ammonium, and carbonate were among components detected in stone composition. Stones were divided into groups based on presence of 1, 2, or 3 or more components. Composition results were compared with stone composition data provided in global guidelines.Results: Sixty-five (32.9%) samples consisted of 1 mineral and 133 (67.1%) contained more than 1. Of the total, 107 (54%) compositions were included in European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. The 107 samples included 45 (22.7%) with components of calcium oxalate, 22 (11.6%) of calcium phosphate, 11 (6.1%) of calcium and uric acid, 10 (5%) of uric acid, 7 (3.5%) of cysteine, 7 (3.5%) of carbonate apatite, 4 (2%) of ammonium urate, and 1 (0.5%) of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. However, 91 (46%) stones consisted of components that are not in current EAU guidelines. Conclusion:Chemical analysis was found insufficient to categorize stone types and components seen in EAU guidelines. There is also a lack of information on the process in the literature. It was concluded that chemical analysis is not the best method to evaluate urinary stones.

Evaluation of the Stone Analysis Results of the Patients Who Underwent Ureterolithotomy

“…17 Chemical method was used in a study made by Kara et al on 198 patients and calcium oxalate (22%) and calcium phosphate stones (11.6%) were detected most commonly. 18 In another study, Yapanoglu et al reported that 218 stones (72.7%) were calcium oxalate stones according to stone analysis results made with XRD method on 300 patients. Among calcium oxalate stones, 170 (56.7%) were COMH, 12 (4%) were CODH and 36 (12%) were COMH and CODH combination.…”