Evaluation of the Efficiency of traditional chitosan, nano chitosan and chitosan nanocomposites for consolidating aged papyrus paper

Salim, Eman; Mohamed, W. S.; Sadek, Rasha

doi:10.1108/prt-06-2022-0079

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is naturally derived from crustaceans or fungi and has been praised in past decades, especially in the medical field or for heavy metal remediation [20,21]. Recently, applications in cultural heritage have been found for chitosan due to its protective assets, which include operating as coating for copper and silver [22][23][24] and consolidating anti-microbial agents on various substrates (i.e., paper, paintings, textiles, metals, wood) [25][26][27][28][29][30]. Chitosan has been used in the form of gel film or as nanoparticles or nanocomposites with ZnO [26,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, applications in cultural heritage have been found for chitosan due to its protective assets, which include operating as coating for copper and silver [22][23][24] and consolidating anti-microbial agents on various substrates (i.e., paper, paintings, textiles, metals, wood) [25][26][27][28][29][30]. Chitosan has been used in the form of gel film or as nanoparticles or nanocomposites with ZnO [26,31]. To the best of our knowledge, the use of chitosan as a cleaning gel in the cultural heritage conservation field has been reported only once, for the removal of manganese stains on glass [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agar and Chitosan Hydrogels’ Design for Metal-Uptaking Treatments

Cuvillier,

Passaretti,

Guilminot

et al. 2024

Gels

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In the field of cultural heritage, the use of natural gels is rising for the application of active agents. Here, two natural polymers are assessed: agar, a pioneer hydrogel for conservation treatments, and chitosan, a rather novel and metal-binding gel. For chitosan, a state-of-the-art based formulation (CS–ItA–LCys) is evaluated as it was reported for silver-complexing properties. It is evaluated whether these polymers can withstand the addition of the chelating compound deferoxamine, which is a bacterial siderophore. This allows for the obtainment of completely bio-sourced gel systems. A Fourier-transformed (FT) infrared spectroscopy characterization is performed, completed with rheological measurements and Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy (cryo–SEM) to investigate the physico–chemical properties of the gels, as well as their interaction with deferoxamine. Both polymers are also tested for their inherent complexing ability on silver ions using FT–Raman spectroscopy. A multi-analytical comparison shows different microstructures, in particular, the presence of a thick membrane for chitosan and different mechanical behaviors, with agar being more brittle. Neither hydrogel seems affected by the addition of deferoxamine; this is shown by similar rheological behavior and molecular structures in the presence or absence of the chelator. The intrinsic abilities of the chitosan formulation to make silver complex are demonstrated with the observation of two peaks characteristic of Ag–S and Ag–O bonds. Agar and chitosan are both proven to be reliable gels to act as carriers for bio-based active agents. This paper confirms the potential asset of the chitosan formulation CS–ItA–LCys as a promising gel for the complexation of soluble silver.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agar and Chitosan Hydrogels’ Design for Metal-Uptaking Treatments

Cuvillier,

Passaretti,

Guilminot

et al. 2024

Gels

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Carboxymethyl Chitosan as a Reversible Template of Calcium Phosphate for Multifunctional Conservation of Carbonate Stone

Hao,

Wang,

Jiang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The accelerated deterioration of carbonate stone artifacts under climate change has long been an urgent issue. Inspired by biomineralization, we developed carboxymethyl chitosan-diammonium hydrogen phosphate (CD) composite and investigated the conservation effectiveness of the CD composite compared to diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) on limestone. The morphologies and microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The consolidating effectiveness was investigated through a compressive strength test. The protective ability was assessed by disintegration resistance test, acid attack resistance test, salt attack resistance test, and freeze−thaw aging cycle test. SEM observations revealed that carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) served as an effective template, inducing the in situ formation of a uniform and continuous calcium phosphate coating on both the surface and interior of the stone. The tests indicated that the CD composite further enhanced the consolidating effectiveness and improved resistance to disintegration and freeze−thaw cycles. Notably, as an amphiphilic polyelectrolyte, CMCS functioned as a pH buffer and a protective barrier against sodium sulfate salts, which improved the resistance to acid and salt attacks. Additionally, the CD composite did not cause significant variations in the esthetic appearance or water vapor permeability. We then applied the CD composite at an actual carbonate stone cultural heritage site, successfully demonstrating the feasibility of CD application and the reversibility of CMCS in a real-world setting. Based on the study's results, our approach provides a new perspective for developing multifunctional and sustainable conservation materials for carbonate stone artifacts.

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Use of carboxymethyl cellulose, Klucel G, gum Arabic and zinc oxide nanoparticles nanocomposite as strength agents for inked papyrus

Mazen,

Ismail,

Ali Hassan

et al. 2024

PRT

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to detect the effect of some natural cellulosic polymers in their nano forms with the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles on restoring the lost mechanical strength of degraded papyrus without any harmful effects on the inks. Design/methodology/approach In the current study, the USB digital microscopy, scanning electron microscope, measurement of mechanical properties (tensile and elongation), pH measurement, color change and infrared spectroscopy were undertaken for the samples before and after treatment and aging. Findings In the current study, the USB digital microscopy, scanning electron microscope, measurement of mechanical properties (tensile and elongation), pH measurement, color change and infrared spectroscopy were undertaken for the samples before and after treatment and aging. Originality/value The effect of strengthening materials was studied on cellulose and carbon ink, which makes this study closer to reality as the manuscript is the consistent structure of cellulose and inks, whereas most of the literature stated the impact of consolidation materials on the strengthening the cellulosic supports without attention to their impact on inks.

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Evaluation of the Efficiency of traditional chitosan, nano chitosan and chitosan nanocomposites for consolidating aged papyrus paper

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Agar and Chitosan Hydrogels’ Design for Metal-Uptaking Treatments

Agar and Chitosan Hydrogels’ Design for Metal-Uptaking Treatments

Carboxymethyl Chitosan as a Reversible Template of Calcium Phosphate for Multifunctional Conservation of Carbonate Stone

Use of carboxymethyl cellulose, Klucel G, gum Arabic and zinc oxide nanoparticles nanocomposite as strength agents for inked papyrus

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