Evaluation of the etiology of ocular globe atrophy or loss

Abstract

This survey investigated the etiology of atrophy or loss of the ocular globe in patients assisted at the Maxillofacial Prosthetics Clinic of two Schools of Dentistry in São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 238 patients were examined and their clinical files were reviewed. The etiology of eyeball atrophy/loss was assessed with respect to gender, age group, affected side and type ophthalmologic surgery performed. The greatest incidence of ocular globe loss was due to traumatic etiology (57.14%), followed by pathogenic (36.13%) and congenital (5.04%) etiologies. Comparing the genders, a predominance of male patients was observed (61.76%; p<0.01). The age group most frequently affected was between 21 and 40 years (42.01%; p<0.01). For all types of etiologies investigated in this study, enucleation was the most commonly used surgical procedure for removal of the ocular globe (66.38%; p<0.01). Loss of the left eye was predominantly seen (55.04%), even though no statistically significant difference was found between sides (p>0.01).

Perfil dos pacientes submetidos à reconstrução primária da cavidade orbitária com implante de Mules após enucleação e evisceração

“…A idade média observada de 38,4 anos, com predomínio no grupo entre 21 a 40 anos. Esta maior incidência em adultos jovens é compatível com outros estudos brasileiros, onde foram encontrados 54% e 42% de pacientes incluídos nessa faixa etária (12,13) .…”

“…A alta frequência do trauma ocular é vista em vários estudos (5,8,13,14,16) , segundo um estudo em Bogotá (Colômbia), onde dos 370 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de enucleação ou evisceração, 49,19% revelaram como etiologia o traumatismo ocular (17) . Há também um trabalho em que foram analisados 890 casos de enucleação durante um período de 22 anos, onde 39,7% dos casos corresponderam ao trauma ocular (18) .…”

Reabilitação de paciente anoftálmico por meio de prótese ocular: relato de caso

“…Esta deformidade ou perda pode ter origem congênita, patológica ou traumática; envolvendo tecidos moles da cavidade ou tecidos ósseos e musculares próximos 1 .…”

Electrical activity of the orbicularis muscles before and after installation of ocular prostheses

“…[1][2][3] The absence of an ocular globe can lead to atrophy of the orbicularis muscles of the eye, thereby altering the muscle tone of the facial area. 4,5 The palpebral cutaneous musculature is of supreme importance to facial appearance and expression, and it protects the ocular cavities. [6][7][8] Three ocular-orbital-palpebral surgeries are related to ocular bulb removal: evisceration, comprising the partial removal of the ocular bulb with conservation of the sclera; enucleation, comprising the total removal of the bulb with only the capsule and oculomotor muscles remaining; and exenteration, comprising the removal of all contents of the orbital cavity and the circumjacent tissue.…”