Evaluation of the genotoxicity of aniline·HCl in Drosophila melanogaster

Meiotic nondisjunction induced by furfural in Drosophila melanogaster females

“…This interesting sensitivity pattern of Drosophila oocytes, that is, the induction of higher frequencies of nondisjunction in the first and third 24-hr subculture, has been observed previously [Muñoz and Mazar Barnett, 1998]. It was then suggested that the second peak of sensitivity might coincide with stages 9 and 10 when, coincident with a short period of RNA synthesis, the karyosome expands and the chromosomes can be individually visualized [Nokkala and Puro, 1976;Mahowald and Tiefert, 1970].…”

Quinazolin-4-one derivatives lacking toxicity-producing attributes as glucokinase activators: design, synthesis, molecular docking, and in-silico ADMET prediction

“…Monosubstitution on the C-4 or C-5 position of thiazole ring provided a good balance between GK activation potency and oral exposure whereas disubstitution was reported to result in either loss of activity or mild activation of GK except for the cyclization which results in compounds with potent GK activation [12,17,18]. Moreover, primary aromatic amines like aniline compounds show the potential risk of mutagenicit y [8,19].…”

“…substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetates(3,12,21) and 2-substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetamides[(4-10),(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19),(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)]. The compounds were synthesized in satisfactory yield (60-75%) as illustrated in Scheme 1, and physical properties and spectral data characterized their structures.…”

“…Single spot TLC reports confirm the purity and homogeneity of synthesized compounds. The IR spectrum of compounds 2-substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetate(3, 12, and 21) showed the C=O stretching in the range 1691-1685 cm -1 whereas, 2-substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetamide (4-10),(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) revealed the presence of amide carbonyl (CO-NH) in the region of 1687-1610 cm -1 and amide N-H in the region of 3446-3200 cm -1 . 1 H NMR spectra of 2substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetate(3, 12, and 21) showed the signals for -CH 2 CH 3 in the range of δ 1.21-4.25 and aromatic protons at δ 6.8-8.8.…”

“…(a) Hydrogen bonds are shown by pink lines, and the arrow points to the hydrogen bond acceptor, π-π interactions by a solid green line and hydrophobic interactions by green amino acid residues; (b) Hydrogen bonds with yellow dot lines visualized as interaction of functional groups with an amino acid, blue dot lines indicate hydrogen bonding with aromatic hydrogen. substituted quinazolinone thiazole acetamide [(4-10),(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and (22-28)] exhibits one singlet for acetamide proton at δ 11.6-13.8 which indicate the formation of these compounds. The triplet signal at around δ 1.05-1.51 for CH 2 and quartet signal at δ 2.04-2.56 for CH 3 of an ethyl group at position-2 of quinazolinone ring for compounds 13-19 was observed.…”