Evaluation of the Gold Medal Schools Program

Jordan, Kristine C.; Erickson, Erin; Cox, Rachel; Carlson, Emily C.; Heap, Elizabeth; Friedrichs, Michael; Moyer‐Mileur, Laurie J.; Shen, Shu-Ying Dr; Mihalopoulos, Nicole L.

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2008.08.002

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Six studies evaluated policies with both diet and physical activity related components, one of which did not report the quantitative results just the direction and significance and therefore effect sizes could not be calculated [57-59,63,64]. Four of these studies also considered policy components which related to either diet or physical activity separately and these components have been included in the respective clusters discussed above [31,57-59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chomitz, et al [63] considered this result to be expected as obese children become overweight before reaching a healthy weight and therefore the prevalence of overweight might not change significantly. Participants in Gold Medal Schools programme in Utah, USA and Be Active Eat Well in Victoria, Australia gained less weight than control participants (Figure 6) [31,64]. The Annapolis Valley Health Promoting Schools Program (AVHPSP), evaluated by Veugelers and Fitzgerald [58], was significantly associated with reduced odds of both overweight and obesity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between childhood overweight and obesity and primary school diet and physical activity policies

Williams

Henley

Williams

et al. 2013

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Obesity is a major public health concern and there are increasing calls for policy intervention. As obesity and the related health conditions develop during childhood, schools are being seen as important locations for obesity prevention, including multifaceted interventions incorporating policy elements. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of policies related to diet and physical activity in schools, either alone, or as part of an intervention programme on the weight status of children aged 4 to 11 years. A comprehensive and systematic search of medical, education, exercise science, and social science databases identified 21 studies which met the inclusion criteria. There were no date, location or language restrictions. The identified studies evaluated a range of either, or both, diet and physical activity related policies, or intervention programmes including such policies, using a variety of observational and experimental designs. The policies were clustered into those which sought to affect diet, those which sought to affect physical activity and those which sought to affect both diet and physical activity to undertake random effects meta-analysis. Within the diet cluster, studies of the United States of America National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs were analysed separately; however there was significant heterogeneity in the pooled results. The pooled effects of the physical activity, and other diet related policies on BMI-SDS were non-significant. The multifaceted interventions tended to include policy elements related to both diet and physical activity (combined cluster), and although these interventions were too varied to pool their results, significant reductions in weight-related outcomes were demonstrated. The evidence from this review suggests that, when implemented alone, school diet and physical activity related policies appear insufficient to prevent or treat overweight or obesity in children, however, they do appear to have an effect when developed and implemented as part of a more extensive intervention programme. Additional evidence is required before recommendations regarding the focus of policies can be made and therefore, increased effort should be made to evaluate the effect of policies and policy containing intervention programmes upon weight status.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between childhood overweight and obesity and primary school diet and physical activity policies

Williams

Henley

Williams

et al. 2013

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Findings from studies of interventions to reduce sweetened beverage intake suggest a causal association between sweetened beverage intake and weight gain Five intervention trials were identified that evaluated the relationship between sweetened beverage consumption and body weight in children aged 6-18 years (110)(111)(112)(113)(114) . All were successful in reducing sweetened beverage intake compared with control groups.…”

Section: Intervention Trials Examining the Impact Of Changes In Sweetmentioning

confidence: 99%

To what extent have sweetened beverages contributed to the obesity epidemic?

Woodward-Lopez

Kao

Ritchie

2010

Public Health Nutr.

156

131

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Objective: A systematic literature review was conducted to determine whether sweetened beverage intake increases the risk for obesity, and the extent to which it has contributed to recent increases in energy intake and adiposity in the USA. Design: The search included studies published between 1970 and 2010 that examined secular trends, mechanisms, observational associations and intervention outcomes. Observational and intervention studies were abstracted and systematically evaluated for quality. Setting: Trends in obesity prevalence in the USA and studies from industrialized (developed) countries were included. Subjects: Studies were included for all ages, genders, ethnic and socio-economic groups for which data were available. Results: Obesity rates and sweetened beverage intake have increased in tandem in the USA. Studies consistently show that higher intake of sweetened beverages is associated with higher energy intake. Energy in liquid form is not well compensated for by reductions in the intake of other sources of energy. Well-designed observational studies consistently show a significant positive relationship between sweetened beverage intake and adiposity. More importantly, several well-conducted randomized controlled trials have shown statistically significant changes in adiposity as a result of corresponding changes in sweetened beverage intake. Conclusions: All lines of evidence consistently support the conclusion that the consumption of sweetened beverages has contributed to the obesity epidemic. It is estimated that sweetened beverages account for at least one-fifth of the weight gained between 1977 and 2007 in the US population. Actions that are successful in reducing sweetened beverage consumption are likely to have a measurable impact on obesity.

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“…In 2001, the Utah Department of Health (UDOH) created the Gold Medal Schools (GMS) program (19,23) to promote student food and physical activity policies at elementary schools on the basis of CDC guidelines (24,25) and the Utah State Office of Education core curriculum (26). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%