Evaluation of the gut microbiome associated with COVID-19

Maddah, Reza; Goodarzi, Vahid; Asadi-Yousefabad, Seyedeh-Leili; Abbasluo, Mahbobe; Shariati, Parvin; Kafraj, Amir Shafiei

doi:10.1016/j.imu.2023.101239

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Table 1 presents the 18 articles that identified changes in the diversity and abundance of the Bifidobacterium genus in samples from COVID-19 patients [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The studies were conducted in different countries and involved different patient populations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For cross-sectional and case-control studies, the biggest limitation found was the failure to identify confounding factors. The study carried out by Maddah, and collaborators (2023) [ 16 ] was a reanalysis of samples from publicly available COVID-19 patients, so the work does not provide specifications about patients and controls. For cohort studies, the initial assessment of the outcome does not match (D6), which impairs the risk of bias assessment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Bifidobacterium in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Taufer,

Rampelotto

2023

Life

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The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, mainly causes respiratory and intestinal symptoms and changes in the microbiota of patients. We performed a systematic search in major databases using “Bifidobacterium” and “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” as key terms to assess the relationship of the genus to COVID-19. After the selection steps, 25 articles were analyzed. Of these, eighteen were observational, and seven were interventional articles that evaluated the use of Bifidobacterium alone or in mix as probiotics for additional treatment of patients with COVID-19. All stages and severities were contemplated, including post-COVID-19 patients. Overall, Bifidobacterium was associated with both protective effects and reduced abundance in relation to the disease. The genus has been found to be abundant in some cases and linked to disease severity. The studies evaluating the use of Bifidobacterium as probiotics have demonstrated the potential of this genus in reducing symptoms, improving pulmonary function, reducing inflammatory markers, alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms, and even contributing to better control of mortality. In summary, Bifidobacterium may offer protection against COVID-19 through its ability to modulate the immune response, reduce inflammation, compete with pathogenic microbes, and maintain gut barrier function. The findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between the disease and the genus Bifidobacterium, highlighting the potential of microbiota modulation in the treatment of COVID-19.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Bifidobacterium in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Taufer,

Rampelotto

2023

Life

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“…Some scholars have found that patients with COVID-19 have a significantly reduced number of bifidobacteria ( 38 , 39 ). It was then postulated that beneficial probiotics, such as bifidobacteria, are employed to orchestrate changes in the gut microbiota in order to prevent or treat disease progression ( 40 , 41 ). A randomized controlled trial conducted in Hong Kong demonstrated that oral administration of Bifidobacterium reduced the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and improved the clinical outcome ( 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, inflammatory proteins and COVID-19: a Mendelian randomisation study

Chen,

Chen

2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundThe human gut microbiota has been identified as a potentially important factor influencing the development of COVID-19. It is believed that the disease primarily affects the organism through inflammatory pathways. With the aim of improving early diagnosis and targeted therapy, it is crucial to identify the specific gut microbiota associated with COVID-19 and to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying processes. The present study sought to investigate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and COVID-19, and to determine the extent to which inflammatory proteins act as mediators in this relationship.MethodsBidirectional mendelian randomization (MR) and Two-step mediated MR analyses were applied to examine causative associations among 196 gut microbiota, 91 inflammatory proteins and COVID-19. The main analytical method used in the MR was the random effects inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. This was complemented by the Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR) method, which was utilized to test the hypothesis of MR. In order for the results to be deemed reliable, statistical significance was required for both methods. Validation was then carried out using an external dataset, and further meta-analyses were conducted to authenticate that the association was reliable.ResultsResults of our research indicated that seven gut microbiota were actively associated to the COVID-19 risk. Five inflammatory proteins were associated with COVID-19 risk, of which three were positively and two were negatively identified with COVID-19. Further validation was carried out using sensitivity analyses. Mediated MR results revealed that CCL2 was a possible mediator of causality of family Bifidobacteriaceae and order Bifidobacteriales with COVID-19, mediating at a ratio of 12.73%.ConclusionSuggesting a genetic causation between specific gut microbiota and COVID-19, our present research emphasizes the underlying mediating role of CCL2, an inflammatory factor, and contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action underlying COVID-19.

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“…It was recently reported that the intestinal microbiome in COVID-19 patients has a lower biodiversity when compared to healthy individuals. COVID-19 patients possess a decreased percentage of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria adolescentis, but higher levels of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus anginosus [ 24 ]. In the current study, we included comprehensive profiling of the fecal microbiota from individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccines and unvaccinated subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BBIBP-CorV Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Affects the Gut Microbiome

et al. 2023

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Several observational studies have confirmed that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) might substantially affect the gastrointestinal (GI) system by replicating in human small intestine enterocytes. Yet, so far, no study has reported the effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccines on gut microbiota alterations. In this study, we examined the effects of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine (ChiCTR2000032459, sponsored by the Beijing Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm), on gut microbiota. Fecal samples were collected from individuals whoreceived two doses of intramuscular injection of BBIBP-CorV and matched unvaccinated controls. DNA extracted from fecal samples was subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing analysis. The composition and biological functions of the microbiota between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were compared. Compared with unvaccinated controls, vaccinated subjects exhibited significantly reduced bacterial diversity, elevated firmicutes/bacteroidetes (F/B) ratios, a tendency towards Faecalibacterium-predominant enterotypes, and altered gut microbial compositions and functional potentials. Specifically, the intestinal microbiota in vaccine recipients was enriched with Faecalibacterium and Mollicutes and with a lower abundance of Prevotella, Enterococcus, Leuconostocaceae, and Weissella. Microbial function prediction by phylogenetic investigation of communities using reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis further indicated that Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways involved in carbohydrate metabolism and transcription were positively associated with vaccine inoculation, whereas capacities in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers were negatively affected by vaccines. Vaccine inoculation was particularly associated with gut microbiota alterations, as was demonstrated by the improved composition and functional capacities of gut microbiota.

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Evaluation of the gut microbiome associated with COVID-19

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

The Role of Bifidobacterium in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

The Role of Bifidobacterium in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Gut microbiota, inflammatory proteins and COVID-19: a Mendelian randomisation study

BBIBP-CorV Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Affects the Gut Microbiome

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