Evaluation of the Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Status of the Body of Young People of 17-19 Years of Different Ethnic Groups of the North-East Russia

Abstract

Natural and climatic conditions of the environment of Northeast Russia and particularly Magadan region are the very factor mostly influencing adaptive responses by individuals inhabiting the region. Compensatory and adaptive responses in indigenes and newcomers of the region can be assumed to have their specific features. In 2009 there was executed the examination of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and gas exchange in 392 cases aged of 17-19 years, including Europeans (Caucasians) born in the North in the 1st-2nd generation and indigenes. The methodologically similar study was carried out in 2014 in 265 persons, referred to the same cohorts of North-born Caucasians and Indigenes from the Magadan region. The results of the study executed in 2009 testified to a small number of physiological parameters that were reliably different in Caucasians vs. Indigene subjects. In 2014 no difference was found between the two examined cohorts throughout the observed parameters. The revealed changes in gas exchange, external respiration and cardiovascular systems demonstrated by modern young Indigenes of Northeast Russia testified to the fall in the effectiveness of their breathing. All that makes them farther from the classic “polar metabolic type” and their morphofunctional status becomes closer to European male subjects of Northeast Russia. Thus, we can observe a clear tendency towards “convergence in programs” of the adaptive changes between populations of the North residents undergoing similar natural, environmental and social factors.

Effect Of Adaptation Duration To Environmental Conditions Of The North On Morphofunctional Restructuring Of Capillary Blood Flow

“…Both findings allowed assuming that they were aimed at meeting the needs of cardiovascular system in gas exchange and metabolic functions, which supported our earlier results concerning an optimization of gas exchange function with a longer adaptation period to the northern extreme conditions. The latter is manifested by higher oxygen utilization factor, a more efficient rate of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide excretion per each instance of breathing, against the background of a reduction in basal metabolism [20].…”