Evaluation of the impact of live pig trade network, vaccination coverage and socio-economic factors in the classical swine fever eradication program in Peru

Gomez-Vazquez, Jose P.; Quevedo-Valle, M.; Flores, Ubaldo; Jarufe, K. Portilla; Martínez‐López, Beatriz

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.10.019

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Previous molecular findings in 2015 CSF outbreaks showed a close relation with the strains isolated in 2010 in Peru (Garrido Haro et al., 2018). Furthermore, the largest Peruvian commercial pig community extends closely to the border with Ecuador, and has been reported to be at the highest risk of CSF occurrence (Gomez‐Vazquez et al., 2019). Thus, these variables could be considered when conducting further studies in assessing the risk of regional spread of the disease in these and other border areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous molecular findings in 2015 CSF outbreaks showed a close relation with the strains isolated in 2010 in Peru (Garrido Haro et al, 2018). Furthermore, the largest Peruvian commercial pig community extends closely to the border with Ecuador, and has been reported to be at the highest risk of CSF occurrence (Gomez-Vazquez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, a network‐based risk index was created to prioritise the surveillance actions at a municipality level (Cespedes et al., 2021). In Peru, network analysis was used to quantify the risk of CSF associated with movements from districts that had recently experienced outbreaks (Gomez‐Vazquez et al., 2019). However, in other low‐income Andean countries such as Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia, information and analysis of livestock movements remain limited (Todaro & Smith, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, a network-based risk index was created to prioritise the surveillance actions at a municipality level (Cespedes et al, 2021). In Peru, network analysis was used to quantify the risk of CSF associated with movements from districts that had recently experienced outbreaks (Gomez-Vazquez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Network analysis of pig movements in Ecuador: Strengthening surveillance of classical swine fever

Acosta

Cárdenas

Pisuna³

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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The analysis of domestic pig movements has become useful to understand the disease spread patterns and epidemiology, which facilitates the development of more effective animal diseases control strategies. The aim of this work was to analyse the static and spatial characteristics of the pig network, to identify its trading communities and to study the contribution of the network to the transmission of classical swine fever. In this regard, we used the pig movement records from the National Veterinary Service of Ecuador (2017-2019), using social network analysis and spatial analysis to construct a network with registered premises as nodes and their movements as edges. Furthermore, we also created a network of parishes as its nodes by aggregating their premises movements as edges. The annual network metrics showed an average diameter of 20.33, a number of neighbours of 2.61, a shortest path length of 4.39 and a clustering coefficient of 0.38 (small-world structure). The most frequent movements were to or from markets (55%). Backyard producers made up 89% of the network premises, and the top 2% of parishes (highest degree) contributed to 50% of the movements. The highest frequencies of movements between parishes were in the centre of the country, while the highest frequency of movements to abattoirs was in the south-west. Finally, the pattern of classical swine fever (CSF) disease outbreaks within the Ecuador network was likely the result of network transmission processes. In conclusion, our results represented the first exploratory analysis of domestic pig movements at premise and parish levels. The surveillance system could consider these results to improve its procedures and update the disease control and management policy, and allow the implementation of targeted or risk-based surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Network analysis of pig movements in Ecuador: Strengthening surveillance of classical swine fever

Acosta

Cárdenas

Pisuna³

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…However, in developing countries, where due to very particular production systems, the risk factors may be different, these are yet to be understood. Recently, for some countries in South America such as Colombia (19), Brazil (20), and Peru (21), this issue has been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors and spatiotemporal analysis of classical swine fever in Ecuador

Acosta

Dietze

Baquero

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most important re-emergent swine diseases worldwide. Despite concerted control efforts in the Andean countries, the disease remains endemic in several areas, limiting production and trade opportunities. In this study, we aim to determine herd-level risk factors and spatiotemporal implications associated with CSF. We analysed passive surveillance datasets and vaccination programmes from 2014 to 2020; Then, structured a herd-level case-control study using a multivariable logistic model containing 339 cases, and a spatiotemporal Bayesian model, considering 115 thousand premises, 2.3 million annual vaccine doses and a population of 1.6 million pigs distributed in 1,006 parishes. Our results showed that the risk factors that increased the odds of CSF occurrence were swill feeding (OR 9.28), time of notification (OR 2.18), animal entry in the last 30 days (OR 2.08), lack of CSF vaccination (OR 1.88), age of animals between 3-6 months (OR 1.58) and being in the coastal region (OR 1.87). Spatiotemporal models showed that the vaccination campaign reduced the risk by 33% while temperature increased the risk by 17%. The calculated priority index aims to facilitate the intervention process that should be focused on a couple of provinces, mainly in Morona Santiago and Los Rios as well as in specific parishes around the country. Our findings provide insight and understanding of the risk factors associated with CSF in Ecuador, which stands for the Andean region; even though the results are specific for the implementation of risk-based surveillance for CSF, data and methods could be valuable for the prevention and control of diseases such as African swine fever, or porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. In conclusion, the results highlight the complexity of the CSF control programme, the need to inform decision-makers, involve stakeholders and implement better strategies to update continental health policies to eradicate swine diseases.

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An integrated fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model for determining the interdependencies among the african swine fever spread factors

Lauron,

Abellana

2024

Decision Analytics Journal

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Evaluation of the impact of live pig trade network, vaccination coverage and socio-economic factors in the classical swine fever eradication program in Peru

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Network analysis of pig movements in Ecuador: Strengthening surveillance of classical swine fever

Network analysis of pig movements in Ecuador: Strengthening surveillance of classical swine fever

Risk factors and spatiotemporal analysis of classical swine fever in Ecuador

An integrated fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model for determining the interdependencies among the african swine fever spread factors

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