Evaluation of the incidence of gingival abrasion as a result of toothbrushing

Danser, M.M.; Timmerman, M.F.; IJzerman, Y.; Bulthuis, Hankie M.; Velden, U. van der; Weijden, G.A. van der

doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1998.tb02510.x

Cited by 73 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In another study, with a crossover design in which panellists brushed their own teeth, the same conclusion was drawn 30. A comparable incidence of gingival abrasion for manual and power brushes was reported in a study with 50 participants who brushed for 3 weeks every other day with either a manual or power (oscillating–rotating) brush, before being assessed in a random split-mouth order 8. Another, 1-year longitudinal, study with 32 patients showed that over the long-term a power brush did not cause more abrasion than a manual brush 31.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Toothbrush grip 22, brushhead shape 23 and daily toothbrushing frequency 24 have all been thought to have an influence on gingival abrasion. It is generally accepted that stiffer filaments cause more gingival abrasion 25–27 and the need for end-rounded, rather than sharply-pointed, toothbrush filaments is well established 7,8,28. Although it is apparent that a number of factors can increase gingival abrasion, brushing force does not appear to be a factor 8 and there is even evidence that less force is used with a power brush than a manual brush 29.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gingival abrasion and recession in manual and oscillating–rotating power brush users

Rosema

Adam

Grender

et al. 2014

Int J Dental Hygiene

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ObjectiveTo assess gingival recession (GR) in manual and power toothbrush users and evaluate the relationship between GR and gingival abrasion scores (GA).MethodsThis was an observational (cross-sectional), single-centre, examiner-blind study involving a single-brushing exercise, with 181 young adult participants: 90 manual brush users and 91 oscillating–rotating power brush users. Participants were assessed for GR and GA as primary response variables. Secondary response variables were the level of gingival inflammation, plaque score reduction and brushing duration. Pearson correlation was used to describe the relationship between number of recession sites and number of abrasions. Prebrushing (baseline) and post-brushing GA and plaque scores were assessed and differences analysed using paired tests. Two-sample t-test was used to analyse group differences; ancova was used for analyses of post-brushing changes with baseline as covariate.ResultsOverall, 97.8% of the study population had at least one site of ≥1 mm of gingival recession. For the manual group, this percentage was 98.9%, and for the power group, this percentage was 96.7% (P = 0.621). Post-brushing, the power group showed a significantly smaller GA increase than the manual group (P = 0.004); however, there was no significant correlation between number of recession sites and number of abrasions for either group (P ≥ 0.327).ConclusionsLittle gingival recession was observed in either toothbrush user group; the observed GR levels were comparable. Lower post-brushing gingival abrasion levels were seen in the power group. There was no correlation between gingival abrasion as a result of brushing and the observed gingival recession following use of either toothbrush.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival abrasion and recession in manual and oscillating–rotating power brush users

Rosema

Adam

Grender

et al. 2014

Int J Dental Hygiene

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“…It is known that generic bristled tooth brushes can induce gingival abrasion [24], especially if the bristles are hard and not rounded [25,26]. This may occur even in those who use little force while brushing [27]. In our subjects, we asked them to return their used tooth brushes, and about 5 subjects surrendered the tooth brush they originally used prior to the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bristle-Less Tooth Brush Reduces Recession Risk Over One Year Compared to a Conventional Soft Manual Brush

Boehm¹,

Kim²,

Chui³

et al. 2017

J Oral Hyg Health

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Background: Aggressive tooth brushing can contribute to gingival recession, and we tested in a randomized clinical trial if use of a bristle-less tooth brush results in less recession compared to using a conventional soft brush. Methods:We recruited 23 subjects with gingival recession who received regular periodontal maintenance care at Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center, and who did not exhibit signs of acute dental and systemic disease, occlusal discrepancies and para-functional habits. We randomly assigned these subjects to two groups, one using a soft nylon-bristled tooth brush, and the other group using the experimental tooth brush that contains a brush head with short, soft, rubbery cones. Both groups received regular periodontal maintenance and periodontal exams by blinded examiners every 3-4 months measuring probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque indices. Tooth brush use was monitored by phone follow-up and measuring tooth brush wear of the tooth brushes assigned to subjects. Gingival recession was assessed clinically and through use of a stent on diagnostic casts obtained at each visit.Results: Average probing depths, plaque levels, and the number of sites with bleeding on probing did not change over one year. Subjects were compliant with tooth brush use as tooth brushes showed consistent wear patterns, but with much less tooth brush damage in the bristle-less brushes. There was a small, but statistically significant improvement of gingival recession (0.4 mm, p<0.01) at sites with gingival recession in the experimental tooth brush group compared to the control group and compared to baseline gingival level. Conclusion:A bristle-less brush appears to be more suitable in preventing additional gingival recession in patients with a history of aggressive tooth brushing.

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“…The examinations were performed by a single examiner (LC), who was calibrated to assess gingival abrasion 19 and stained plaque 20 (Turesky's modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index; 20 Turesky et al 21 ). The evaluation of plaque and gingival abrasion included the use of a disclosing solution.…”

Section: Training and Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion

et al. 2016

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Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion Abstract: Two previous clinical studies evaluated the effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles of soft manual brushes on the removal of plaque and gingival abrasion. However, the combined effect of an abrasive dentifrice on these outcomes has yet to be understood. The purpose of the present study was to compare the incidence of gingival abrasion and the degree of plaque removal obtained after the use of toothbrushes with tapered or end-rounded bristles in the presence or absence of an abrasive dentifrice. The study involved a randomized, single-blind, crossover model (n = 39) with a split-mouth design. Subjects were instructed to refrain from performing oral hygiene procedures for 72 hours. Quadrants were randomized and subjects brushed with both types of toothbrushes using a dentifrice (relative dentin abrasion = ± 160). Plaque and gingival abrasion were assessed before and after brushing. After 7 days, the experiment was repeated without the dentifrice. The average reduction in plaque scores and the average increase in the number of abrasion sites were assessed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc tests. End-rounded bristles removed significantly more plaque than tapered bristles, regardless of the use of a dentifrice. The dentifrice did not improve plaque removal. In the marginal area (cervical free gingiva), no difference in the incidence of gingival abrasion was detected between toothbrush types when used with a dentifrice (p ≥ 0.05). However, the dentifrice increased the incidence of abrasion (p < 0.001), irrespective of the toothbrush type tested. End-rounded bristles therefore removed plaque more effectively without causing a higher incidence of gingival abrasion when compared with tapered bristles. An abrasive dentifrice can increase the incidence of abrasion, and should be used with caution by individuals who are at risk of developing gingival recession.

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Evaluation of the incidence of gingival abrasion as a result of toothbrushing

Cited by 73 publications

References 15 publications

Gingival abrasion and recession in manual and oscillating–rotating power brush users

Gingival abrasion and recession in manual and oscillating–rotating power brush users

A Bristle-Less Tooth Brush Reduces Recession Risk Over One Year Compared to a Conventional Soft Manual Brush

Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion

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