Evaluation of the Influence of Drug Complex Formation on the Efficiency of Water Conditioning with Reagents for Tetracycline

Kabanov, M. A.; Ivantsova, N. A.; Кузин, Е. Н.; Murzina, E. D.; Korobov, A. Yu.

doi:10.1007/s11094-022-02565-7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…If the specific transaction unit price of the product is not published, the national drug control platform will not reflect it, so other provinces can not refer to it. Therefore, the price of other provinces will not be affected in the short term, and at least the concerns and concerns of manufacturers about price linkage can be eliminated temporarily [8][9].…”

Section: Optimization Suggestions For Vpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Market with Volume Purchase(VP)

2022

IJFS

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The new round of medical and health system reform launched in China takes "drug reform" first, and is committed to breaking the mechanism of "supporting doctors with drugs" and alleviating the problem of "difficult and expensive medical treatment". For more than ten years since the implementation of centralized drug procurement, the effect of controlling medical expenses is not significant. The phenomenon of falsely high drug prices still exists, and medical expenses continue to rise. The reason is that there are some problems in centralized drug procurement, such as imperfect laws and regulations, dislocation of procurement subjects, separation of bidding and procurement, and non linkage between quantity and price. Therefore, it is imperative to reform the method of drug procurement. Based on this, this paper discusses and analyzes the impact of volume procurement on the drug market, and puts forward corresponding optimization suggestions. Through investigation and interview with relevant government departments, medical institutions, drug enterprises and their relevant personnel, this paper investigates the comparison of bid winning prices and price reduction before and after the implementation of volume procurement policy in a city, as well as the division statistics of area a and B of the second batch of volume procurement. The results show that, Compared with the previous round, the bid price of the three batches of drugs purchased in the city decreased by an average of 56%, while the average decrease of the third batch of drugs purchased in the city was only 43%, which was significantly narrowed compared with the first two batches. The highest single product decreased by 93% and the lowest by only 2%. There were great individual differences in drugs;The second batch of two districts with volume procurement in the city calculate the quantity of agreed procurement targets respectively, and the bidding drug manufacturers will conduct bidding respectively to reduce the possibility of exclusive bid winning, one dominating the market and maliciously excluding other products. The VP mode has positive significance both in theory and practice.

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Section: Optimization Suggestions For Vpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Market with Volume Purchase(VP)

2022

IJFS

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“…Increasing the use of antibiotics in agriculture results in a significant increase in API emissions into the environment and, in particular, in the hydrosphere [1][2][3]. The bioaccumulation of APIs, the inhibition of vital activities of microorganisms, the formation of resistant and highly toxic complexes, biocenoses degradation and the emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms should be mentioned among the negative consequences of the entry of APIs into the environment [4][5][6][7]. The contamination of domestic wastewater by APIs Despite all of the advantages described above, the use of AOPs is only reasonable for trace amounts of APIs in waste or natural waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Process of Electrochemical Oxidation of Active Pharmaceutical Substances on the Example of Nitrofurazone ((2E)-2-[(5-Nitro-2-furyl)methylene]hydrazine Carboxamide)

Kuznetsov,

Ivantsova,

Kuzin

et al. 2023

Water

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The effective mineralization of nitrofurazone (10–100 mg L−1) was performed in aqueous solutions in the presence of chloride ions by electrochemical treatment. The destruction of the organic pollutant molecules was due to their interaction with active oxygen- and chlorine-containing species forming at the inert anode (Pt/Ti or BDD) during electrolysis. Measurements of nitrofurazone concentration, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) were used to estimate the removal efficiency of the pollutant. Both the pollutant oxidation rate and the degree of its mineralization were higher for the BDD anode due to the higher anode potentials on it in the course of electrolysis, which provides a high rate of active oxidizer species generation. As a result, practically full nitrofurazone molecule destruction (>99%) was achieved in 30 min at an anodic current density of 0.1 A cm−2, a volume current density of 1.33 A L−1 and pH 2 using BDD anodes. On the other hand, the nitrafurazone degradation efficiency was about 95% for Pt/Ti anodes under the same conditions. Additionally, byproducts of nitrofurazone electrooxidation were investigated by means of liquid chromato-mass-spectrometry (LC/MS). It was found that the initial decolorization of nitrofurazone solution, which occurs during the first 5 min of electrolysis, is due to the formation of a dichloro derivative of nitrofurazone, which causes the destruction of the π−conjugated bond system. Further electrolysis resulted in the almost complete destruction of the dichloro derivative within 30 min of electrochemical treatment.

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Evaluation of the Influence of Drug Complex Formation on the Efficiency of Water Conditioning with Reagents for Tetracycline

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Drug Market with Volume Purchase(VP)

Drug Market with Volume Purchase(VP)

Study of the Process of Electrochemical Oxidation of Active Pharmaceutical Substances on the Example of Nitrofurazone ((2E)-2-[(5-Nitro-2-furyl)methylene]hydrazine Carboxamide)

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