Evaluation of the Iranian versions of the bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), the bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) and the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Abstract

The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) are widely used instruments in assessment of patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) is regarded as a target for patients' well-being. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt BASDAI, BASFI and PASS into the Iranian official language, Farsi, and evaluate their reliability and validity. Ninety patients with AS were included in this study. The questionnaires were translated into Farsi and back translated into English, modified until the final versions were approved with minor adaptations and the VAS was changed to numerical rating scales from 0 to 10. Forty-eight-hour test-retest agreement showed good reliability: interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for BASDAI was 0.93 (CI at 95%, 0.90-0.95), for BASFI was 0.96 (CI at 95%, 0.94-0.97) and for PASS was 0.87 (CI at 95%, 0.79-0.92). Chronbach's alpha was 0.95, 0.96 and 0.87 for BASDAI, BASFI and PASS, respectively. BASDAI showed a significant correlation with patient global disease activity index, nocturnal back pain, total back pain, number of swollen joints, number of enthesites, morning stiffness, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Global Score (BAS-G), BASFI and BASMI. A significant correlation was also found between BASFI and occiput-to-wall distance, mentum-to-sternum distance, chest expansion, finger-to-floor distance, number of swollen joints, number of enthesites, nocturnal back pain, total back pain, BAS-G, BASDAI and BASMI. Patients who answered "no" to PASS (found their condition unsatisfactory) reported significantly increased pain scores, patient global disease activity scores, BAS-G, BASDAI and BASFI scores. The results showed that the Iranian versions of BASDAI, BASFI and PASS are adequately reliable and valid in patients with AS.

The Correlation between Pack-Years of Smoking and Disease Activity, Quality of Life, Spinal Mobility, and Sacroiliitis Grading in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

“…[7,[13][14][15][16][17] However, the relationship between smoking and radiographic severity has not been consistent in the literature. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]18] To our knowledge, the first survey which exposed the connection between smoking and AS patient outcomes was by Averns et al [15] in 1996. This investigation was included AS patients with a median duration of 20 years, and the authors found significant differences between smokers and non-smokers with regard to the finger-floor distance, Schober's test, total spinal involvement, occiput-to-wall distance, functional status, stiffness, and spinal radiographic damage.…”

“…Validated Iranian versions of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaires were applied to assess the disease activity and QoL, respectively. [9][10][11] In addition, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) was used for measuring spinal mobility. [12] The BASDAI, ASQoL, and BASMI scores were also calculated at approximately the same time for all of the patients during the study for uniformity.…”

Diagnostic Delay in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Related Factors and Prognostic Outcomes

“…Validated Persian version of BASFI (from 0: performed without difficulty to 10: impossible to perform), BASDAI (from 0: no activity to 10: maximum activity) and ASQoL (from 0: the best quality to 18: the worst quality) were used. 15,16 All measurements were performed at the same time of the day and by a single examiner for measurement uniformity.…”

Expression of TNF-α, VEGF, and MMP-3 mRNAs in synovial tissues and their roles in fibroblast-mediated osteogenesis in ankylosing spondylitis

“…Furthermore, our research only focused on TNF-α, VEGF, and MMP-3, and thus cannot fully illustrate the differentiation of synovial fibroblasts (Hamed et al, 2004;Crisostomo et al, 2007). Other factors such as IL-12B might also be related to AS progression (Kolomecki et al, 2001;Bidad et al, 2012). These questions require further analysis.…”