“…Besides antimicrobial applications (including water disinfection), the developed PU foam composites were tested for use as sensors, in electromagnetic shielding [49] and in pollutant removal [50,53]. Cu (either as a metal or as metal oxide nanoparticles), Zn (in its oxidized form) or silver ions or salts are also widely presented as PU foam reinforcements [12,14,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], either for antimicrobial applications [54][55][56][57][61][62][63][64], environmental protection applications [14,54,56,60,64,66,68], as flame retardants [57,65], in electromagnetic shielding [58] or other miscellaneous applications [59,67]. Other forms of ex situsynthesized NPs, such as MgO, Au, W, TiO 2 , Pd, Fe 3 O 4 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 or Ni, have been explored in the literature for incorporation in PU foams [26,31,65,[69]…”