Evaluation of the modern submarine landscape off southwestern Turkey through the documentation of ancient shipwreck sites

Brennan, Michael L.; Ballard, Robert D.; Roman, Charles T.; Bell, Katherine L.; Buxton, Bridget; Coleman, Dwight F.; Inglis, Gabrielle; Köyağasıoğlu, Orkan; Turanli, Tufan

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2012.04.017

Cited by 25 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…QTC SWATHVIEW has been widely used in acoustic habitat studies and further theoretical information and example studies (Preston et al, 2001;Quester Tangent, 2010;Brennan et al, 2012;Raineault et al, 2012Raineault et al, , 2013. As shown in Figures 4, 5, for all of the datasets, the final output was Keyhole Markup Language (.kml) files, which could be imported directly into Google Earth.…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where R is the estimated rugosity (based on Jenness, 2004), d is the depth (m), d mid is the mid-point depth of the survey site region (here 50 m), s is slope of the seafloor in the absolute value (degrees) relative to a horizontal plane), and C weight is the weighted classification (Figure 6) of the different bottomtype acoustic classes that were previously identified by QTC SWATHVIEW, following a similar methodology as employed in other geoacoustic studies (Brennan et al, 2012;Raineault et al, 2013). Note that the d mid /d term places more emphasis on shallow compared to deeper depths.…”

Section: Synthetic Bottom-type Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data were then imported to a data visualization software package Fledermaus (QPS BV) and gridded onto a user-specified grid, in this case a cell size of 1.0 m, using a moving average that included three nearest neighbors (Keller, 2011). Acoustic backscatter data were processed and quantitatively compared using an additional seabed Acoustic Ground Discrimination System (AGDS) software package called QTC SWATHVIEW (Quester Tangent, Saanichton BC) following the methods and approach of other recent investigators e.g., Brennan et al (2012) and Raineault et al (2012). Class maps of similar acoustic image properties are generated with SWATHVIEW and are then ground truthed from seabed photos for each of the investigated sites (Figure 4).…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems: A Geoacoustically Derived Proxy for Habitat and Relative Diversity for the Leeward Shelf of Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean

et al. 2017

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Current trends demonstrate coral reef health in serious decline worldwide. Some of the most well-preserved coral reefs in the Caribbean basin are located in the waters surrounding Bonaire, in the Dutch Caribbean. In many places on the leeward side on islands dominated by trade winds, the shallow reef systems extend into deeper water where they are known as Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems (MCE). Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) were used to collect geoacoustic data of these leeward reefs at multiple sites as part of an ocean exploration project. AUV swath bathymetry and side-scan sonar data were analyzed for depth, acoustic backscatter intensity, seafloor slope, and rugosity. These geomorphic metrics were then used as inputs to generate a composite synthetic index of bottom-type to delineate MCE features. A confusion matrix statistical analysis of the acoustic class map showed an overall accuracy of the acoustic classes at 66%, with accuracy of the hard coral class the highest at 83%, and the sandy-bottom class the lowest at 55. The hard coral class was also the statistically most reliable, at over 80%, with the noise class coming in as the least reliable. This morphologic habitat index is a potentially useful new tool in quantifying the extent of MCE located in proximity to Marine Protected Areas (MPAs).

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Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Bottom-type Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems: A Geoacoustically Derived Proxy for Habitat and Relative Diversity for the Leeward Shelf of Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean

et al. 2017

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“…Our work there covered important unexplored areas while remaining in relatively shallow waters and within easy access to ports and shipyards for the renovations the ship required before its transit across the Atlantic. The investigations spanned all three coastlines of Turkey, from documenting the oxic/anoxic boundary in the Black Sea, to mapping damage to the benthos in the Aegean resulting from trawl fishing, to exploring the Anaximander seamounts and mud volcanoes in the eastern Mediterranean (Brennan et al, 2012(Brennan et al, , 2013aRaineault et al, 2013).…”

Section: By Michael L Brennan and Dan Davismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While shipwrecks provide volumes of data on maritime history and archaeology, they also serve as platforms for observing and studying the interaction of cultural materials-such as cargos and the ships themselves-with the marine environment. These site formation processes include both oceanographic effects, such as bioturbation and sedimentation, and anthropogenic damage, such as that wrought by bottom trawl fishing (Brennan et al, 2012).…”

Section: By Michael L Brennan and Dan Davismentioning

confidence: 99%

New Frontiers in Ocean Exploration: The E/V Nautilus 2014 Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Field Season

Cormier¹,

Blake²,

Coleman³

et al. 2015

Oceanog

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History of Trawling and Ecological Impact

Jarvis,

Brennan

2024

SpringerBriefs in Archaeology

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Bottom trawling developed from the practice of fishing with a net or long lines, but that older style was able to be more controlled and discriminate in its catch. With bottom trawling, nets are weighted to keep them low along the seafloor and a large beam on deck spreads nets wide to increase catch. Marine biologists and environmentalists have been concerned about trawling since it began. As far back as 1376, the English parliament highlighted the destructive nature of the practice to fish populations and habitats, noting that it ‘runs so heavily and hardly over the ground when fishing that it destroys the flowers of the land’ and takes so many fish ‘to the great damage of the commons and the destruction of the fisheries’ (Petition by the Commons to King Edward III, 1376 seen in Bolster, 2012). This first known mention of trawling calls for the removal of the practice and yet the activity endures. Trawling in Europe continued sporadically through the medieval and early modern periods using mainly the beam trawl method until the early nineteenth century when the industrial revolution pushed the technology further.

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Evaluation of the modern submarine landscape off southwestern Turkey through the documentation of ancient shipwreck sites

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems: A Geoacoustically Derived Proxy for Habitat and Relative Diversity for the Leeward Shelf of Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean

Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems: A Geoacoustically Derived Proxy for Habitat and Relative Diversity for the Leeward Shelf of Bonaire, Dutch Caribbean

New Frontiers in Ocean Exploration: The E/V Nautilus 2014 Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Field Season

History of Trawling and Ecological Impact

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