Evaluation of the multifunctionality of a vertical greening system using different irrigation strategies on cooling, plant development and greywater use

Pucher, Bernhard; Zluwa, Irene; Spörl, Philipp; Pitha, Ulrike; Langergraber, Günter

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157842

Cited by 28 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Costs per square metre of covered vertical surface will be lowest for this simple design compared to the other systems, but these systems have limited noise-abatement capabilities [28]. Stormwater usage is potentially very good, if appropriate guttering, downpipe direction, and drainage systems can be incorporated [35]. These walls provide low potential for biodiversity enhancement based on the limited plant species choice and thus diversity possibilities, and air pollution mitigation performance is also lower [36].…”

Section: Comparison Between Vgs Design Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Greening Systems: A Perspective on Existing Technologies and New Design Recommendation

et al. 2023

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Vertical greening systems (VGSs) represent an emerging technology within the field of building-integrated horticulture that have been used to help counteract the global issues of urbanisation and climate change. Research and development within the field of building-integrated horticulture, despite being in the infancy stage, is steadily progressing, highlighting a broad range of achievable social, environmental, and economic benefits this sustainable development technology could provide. However, as VGS technology is relatively new, an array of different designs and technologies have been categorized collectively as VGSs, each having various performances towards the proposed and desired benefits. The purpose of this paper is to review existing VGS technologies and analyse the impact of implementation on sustainable development, and subsequently to propose a new VGS design that theoretically achieves the best possible outcomes when aiming to obtain the maximum benefits of installing a VGS. The resultant design creates new opportunities for VGS environmental amenities and maintenance, increases the scope of applications, and improves the environmental performance of the host building. The proposed design has the potential to transform VGSs beyond conventional functions of aesthetic greening to create novel ecosystems, which enhances the formation of habitats for a more diverse range of flora and fauna.

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Section: Comparison Between Vgs Design Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Greening Systems: A Perspective on Existing Technologies and New Design Recommendation

et al. 2023

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“…GI such as trees, green roofs, and façade greenings can help to mitigate the UHI effect by providing shade and evapotranspiration, which cools the air and reduces the amount of heat absorbed by buildings and pavement, which evidently increases thermal comfort in people spending time in natural environments such as forests [6]. GI can also provide stormwater and greywater management functions by absorbing and filtering rainwater, reducing the amount of runoff, and improving water quality [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Façade Greening for Healthy Urban Air: An Umbrella Review on Particulate Matter Reduction, Challenges, and Future Directions

Spörl,

Trimmel,

Haluza

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Particulate matter (PM) exposure in urban areas is a continuous threat to human health and requires sustainable solutions for effective reduction. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of façade greening and its effects on PM and to identify knowledge gaps. We systematically screened, analyzed, and re-evaluated previous reviews according to the criteria established for an umbrella review. As a result, this study covers and discusses common measurement methods, influencing factors, the effectiveness of façade greening, leaf characteristics, and plant species from different subtopics. The main findings are that inconsistent measurement methods limit the comparability of the analyzed reviews, and different climatic conditions affecting the use of plant species lead to different international effects. Despite the existing studies reporting a positive effect on the reduction of PM, comparability is difficult due to methodological differences and external influences. Given the complexity, interdisciplinary collaboration with experts is essential to increase the effectiveness of façade greening for PM accumulation for healthy urban air. We suggest that this umbrella review provides a foundation for future research and practical implementations, such as a suitable plant selection or façade design, by integrating the results.

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“…With regard to irrigation exceeding the plants' needs, which is the same in gray water treatment, the pot-based system was more promising because it avoided leakages and spilling in the modules. Gray water treatment in a VGS uses the same treatment mechanism as that used in constructed wetlands (Pucher et al, 2022). However, the pot-based system offers more opportunities material-wise for the treatment process with gray water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Material mixes that fit both specifications, for example, trickling or biofilter processes and root substrate advantages, can be used. Therefore, most actual projects researching gray water use or treatment opt for the potbased system (Gattringer et al, 2016;Masi et al, 2016;Pucher et al, 2020;Pucher et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vertical green system for gray water treatment: Analysis of the VertiKKA-module in a field test

Aicher

Boermel

Londong

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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This work presents a modular Vertical Green System (VGS) for gray water treatment, developed at the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. The concept was transformed into a field study with four modules built and tested with synthetic gray water. Each module set contains a small and larger module with the same treatment substrate and was fed hourly. A combination of lightweight structural material and biochar of agricultural residues and wood chips was used as the treatment substrate. In this article, we present the first 18 weeks of operation. Regarding the treatment efficiency, the parameters chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP), ortho-phosphate (ortho-P), total bound nitrogen (TNb), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) were analyzed and are presented in this work. The results of the modules with agricultural residues are promising. Up to 92% COD reduction is stated in the data. The phosphate and nitrogen fractions are reduced significantly in these modules. By contrast, the modules with wood chips reduce only 67% of the incoming COD and respectively less regarding phosphates and the nitrogen fraction.

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Evaluation of the multifunctionality of a vertical greening system using different irrigation strategies on cooling, plant development and greywater use

Cited by 28 publications

References 41 publications

Vertical Greening Systems: A Perspective on Existing Technologies and New Design Recommendation

Vertical Greening Systems: A Perspective on Existing Technologies and New Design Recommendation

Façade Greening for Healthy Urban Air: An Umbrella Review on Particulate Matter Reduction, Challenges, and Future Directions

Vertical green system for gray water treatment: Analysis of the VertiKKA-module in a field test

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