Evaluation of the neutral red assay as a stress response indicator in cultivated mussels (Mytilus spp.) in relation to post-harvest processing activities and storage conditions

Harding, J. M.; Couturier, C.; Parsons, G. J.; Ross, Neil W.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.10.025

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This stability of the behavioural response and in the different energy components analyzed is in agreement with Harding et al (2004), who found that dry storage (emersion) of mussels at high humidity and 2-4…”

Section: Emersion Effectsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of emersion on soft-shell clam,Mya arenariaand the mussel,Mytilus edulisseeds in relation to development of vitality indices

Picard

Myrand²,

Tremblay

2014

Aquat. Living Resour.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria) are both aquaculture species in east coast of Canada and US shellfish farmers take advantage of the byssal threads production of mussels for suspension culture and the burrowing behaviour of soft-shell clams for enhancement practices. It is important that these animals attach and burrow efficiently to minimize losses during rearing. The aim of this work was to study two potential vitality indices on mussels (23.6 ± 0.1 mm) and clams (22.6 ± 0.1 mm) seeds following various periods of emersion: attachment strength of Mytilus edulis and burrowing ability of Mya arenaria. The effect of emersion on energy content (proteins, lipids, glycogen) was also examined. We observed no significant decrease in the attachment strength of mussels after air exposure for 78 h or in the burrowing efficiency of soft-shell clams after 54 h. Air exposure had no effect on different lipid classes, proteins, or glycogen content in either mussel or clam tissues. The stressful emersion event induced in our study may not have been high enough to induce detectable behavioural responses. This can be explained by the bivalves' ability to adapt their metabolism to minimize activity during air exposure. In doing so, they do not consume their energy reserves, which are then still available when specimens are reimmersed. Thus mussels are able to efficiently produce byssal threads and clams to burrow into sediments as soon as they are back in the water.

show abstract

Section: Emersion Effectsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of emersion on soft-shell clam,Mya arenariaand the mussel,Mytilus edulisseeds in relation to development of vitality indices

Picard

Myrand²,

Tremblay

2014

Aquat. Living Resour.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Se ha demostrado que mejillones que habitan áreas potencialmente impactadas presentan frecuentes anormalidades y un menor tiempo de retención de rojo neutro en sus compartimientos lisosomales. En áreas con severa contaminación antropogénica, los lisosomas de los hemocitos evidencian daños de sus membranas después de 30 a 60 min de la acción del colorante (Lowe y Pipe 1994, Harding et al 2004.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Heavy metals and related biomarkers in Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) collected on the coast of Sucre State, Venezuela

Zapata-Vívenes¹,

Astudillo²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2012

Cienc. Mar.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCCIÓNLos niveles de metales pesados en algunas zonas costeras del estado Sucre (Venezuela) han incrementado recientemente a causa antropogénica (Martínez 2002 ABSTRACT. The green mussel Perna viridis has been used as a sentinel organism in marine and coastal ecosystem health assessments. In this study the degree of contamination at three sites on the coast of Sucre State (Venezuela) was analyzed using molecular, cellular, and immunological biomarkers in P. viridis. Specimens were collected from Chacopata-Guayacán (CG, Araya Peninsula), Río Caribe (RC, Paria Peninsula), and San Antonio del Golfo (SAG, southern Gulf of Cariaco). We determined the concentration of heavy metals in the soft tissue of each individual, as well as the total number, viability, phagocytosis, and stability of the lysosomal membranes in hemocytes. The oxidative damage to lipids (TBARS), sulfhydryl group levels, total proteins, and lysozyme activity were quantified in the digestive gland. The results revealed high concentrations of Zn, Cr, and Cd in the organisms from CG. The total hemolymph cell count was lower in organisms from RC and CG. A slight increase in the number of phagocytes was observed in the organisms from RC and CG relative to those from SAG. The highest percentage of hemocytes with destabilized lysosomal membranes was recorded for the organisms from CG, followed by RC, indicating a weak association with the content of peroxidized lipids (TBARS); these values could be associated with the body loads of heavy metals. According to the results, the mussels from CG show slight signs of contamination by heavy metals, likely originated by human activities. The use of biological markers to estimate the effect of heavy metals on sentinel organisms is recommended.Key words: antioxidant defenses, hemocytes, lysozymes, heavy metals, Perna viridis. RESUMEN. El mejillón verdePerna viridis ha sido usado como organismo biosensor de la salud de ecosistemas marino-costeros. Por tal motivo se procedió a evaluar el grado de contaminación de tres localidades costeras del estado Sucre (Venezuela) determinando biomarcadores a nivel molecular, celular e inmunológico en P. viridis. Los ejemplares fueron recolectados en las localidades de Chacopata-Guayacán (CG, península de Araya), Río Caribe (RC, península de Paria) y San Antonio del Golfo (SAG, región sur del golfo de Cariaco). Se determinó la carga de metales pesados en el tejido blando de cada individuo. Además, se valoró el número total, la viabilidad, la fagocitosis y la estabilidad de las membranas lisosomales en los hemocitos. El daño oxidativo de lípidos (TBARS), los niveles de grupos sulfhídrilos, las proteínas totales y la actividad de la lisozima fueron cuantificados en la glándula digestiva. Los resultados evidencian altas concentraciones de Zn, Cr y Cd en organismos provenientes de CG. El número de células totales en hemolinfa fue menor en los organismos de RC y CG. En estas últimas zonas los mejillones presentaron un ligero incremento en número de fagocitos con respecto a SAG. El ...

show abstract

“…Previous studies on changes in physiological characteristics under various stressors have also shown that the lysosome is the earliest site of detection for the response of bivalves to these changes (Harding et al 2004) and it can be measured using the neutral red retention (NRR) assay (Lowe et al 1995). When a stressor impairs the lysosomal membrane its capacity to retain neutral red dye in its compartments is reduced, thus losing the dye into the cytosol at a faster rate than unstressed cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a stressor impairs the lysosomal membrane its capacity to retain neutral red dye in its compartments is reduced, thus losing the dye into the cytosol at a faster rate than unstressed cells. Therefore the relative value of the NRR assay can be correlated to the overall stress of the animal (Harding et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of size on the response of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to changes in water temperature and air exposure

Song

Clarke

et al. 2007

Aquacult Int

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To further improve the technology used in Pacific oyster farming, information is required on the response of different sized and aged oysters to various environmental changes. In this study a neutral red retention (NRR) assay was used to investigate the effects of size and age on the response of Pacific oysters to changes in water temperature and their recovery after exposure to different air temperatures. Results from moving oysters directly between water temperatures of 58C and 158C, 108C and 208C and 158C and 258C demonstrated that different water temperature change affect the lysosomal membrane integrity differently. The NRR times of large and small oysters transferred directly between 108C and 208C initially decreased significantly, and then increased to levels corresponding to the new temperature. In addition, NRR times in large oysters responded at a significantly slower rate than small oysters when they were transferred from 58C and 258C to 158C water and between 108C and 208C water. Results from the air exposure experiments showed that, after exposure to air temperatures of 58C, 158C or 258C, the lysosomal membrane integrity of large oysters recovered at a slower rate in 158C water compared to small oysters. It therefore appears necessary to develop different management strategies for large (old) and small (young) oysters. Results from this and previous research also indicate that the NRR assay could potentially be used to develop a model to monitor and predict the performance of oysters on farms.

show abstract

Evaluation of the neutral red assay as a stress response indicator in cultivated mussels (Mytilus spp.) in relation to post-harvest processing activities and storage conditions

Cited by 47 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of emersion on soft-shell clam,Mya arenariaand the mussel,Mytilus edulisseeds in relation to development of vitality indices

Effect of emersion on soft-shell clam,Mya arenariaand the mussel,Mytilus edulisseeds in relation to development of vitality indices

Heavy metals and related biomarkers in Perna viridis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) collected on the coast of Sucre State, Venezuela

The effect of size on the response of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to changes in water temperature and air exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About