Evaluation of the occurrence of endophthalmitis according to the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment in patients with intraocular foreign bodies.

Abstract

Aim The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical presentation of patients with open globe injuries (OGI) due to intra ocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and to evaluate the occurrence of endophthalmitis in these patients. Moreover, this study evaluated the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of endophthalmitis associated to IOFBs. Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with IOFBs presenting to the Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France, between May 2018 and February 2023. Patients who were operated for the removal of an IOFB were included. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics were evaluated, as well as theoccurrence of endophthalmitis according to the treatments used. Results A total of 35 patients who were operated to remove the IOFB were included. In one patient, the foreign body could not be removed. The surgery was anterior for 7 (20.0%) and posterior for 28 (80.0%). The median time to removal was 2 [1-3] days. A total of 6 (17.1%) patients had an endophthalmitis at diagnosis, these patients did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis treatment. Among the patients without endophthalmitis, all patients received a systemic and local antibiotic prophylaxis; 19 (65.5%) patients were treated using intraocular antibiotics (IOA). Independently to the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment received, no patient developed endophthalmitis. Conclusion In the present study, no patient developed endophthalmitis postoperatively; independently of the antibiotic treatment received. Systemic and local antibiotics should be routinely used in IOFBs treatment, and intravitreal injections should have a broad indication.