Evaluation of the Performance of the Horizontal Drain in Drainage of the Infiltrated Water from Slope Soil under Rainfall Conditions

Zhang, Xiao; Wang, Hao; Gao, Zhiwei; Xiang, Ke; Zhai, Qian; Satyanaga, Alfrendo; Chua, Yuan Shen

doi:10.3390/su151914163

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…Given the historical and recent numbers of environmental and human casualties from landslides [7][8][9], for example, it is vital to understand the phenomena within the unsaturated soil for a sustainable engineering practice. Several authors have studied the effects of infiltration and rain on the instability of unsaturated soils [4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Addressing these phenomena is inherently challenging due to their pronounced non-linearity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Modeling of Unsaturated Soil Shear Strength during Water Infiltration for Different Initial Void Ratios

Santos,

Sousa,

Cavalcante

2024

Sustainability

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Unsaturated soil mechanics, when applied to determine the soil shear strength, are crucial for accurately evaluating the safety of geotechnical structures affected by seasonal moisture variations. Over the past decades, multiple models have been formulated to predict the behavior of unsaturated soils in terms of water flow and shear strength individually. Building upon these foundational studies, this research introduces a model that couples an analytical solution for one-dimensional water infiltration with an unsaturated shear strength model. This model further incorporates the impact of void ratio fluctuations on soil properties and state variables related to shear strength. A parametric analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects of the initial void ratio on a representative soil profile during a water infiltration event. The model presented in this paper integrates various concepts from the field of unsaturated soil mechanics and is applicable to any homogeneous soil where expansion/collapse effects are negligible. It demonstrates how shear strength might be underestimated when using a saturated soil approach. Conversely, it may also lead to an overestimation of safety conditions if the soil approaches a saturated or dry state. The proposed model offers a more accurate prediction of unsaturated soil shear strength. It is useful for determining transient safety factors in geotechnical structures. Furthermore, when combined with field-installed instrument monitoring, this model contributes significantly to the functionality, safety, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of geotechnical structures and projects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Modeling of Unsaturated Soil Shear Strength during Water Infiltration for Different Initial Void Ratios

Santos,

Sousa,

Cavalcante

2024

Sustainability

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Evaluating Transient Drawdown and Slope Stabilization from Horizontal Drain Installation

Abed,

Peethambaran,

Leshchinsky

2024

Computers and Geotechnics

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Seepage Countermeasures and Retrofitting Strategies for Mitigating Nappe Flow-Induced Reverse Flow and Erosion for Overtopping Flow from a Levee

Ali,

Sekine,

Tanaka

2024

Geosciences

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Levee failure due to nappe flow and subsequent erosion presents a significant challenge to flood protection infrastructure. This study evaluates the effectiveness of horizontal drainage layers, a common seepage control method, in mitigating these risks. While many traditional solutions to mitigate overtopping are costly and complex, horizontal drainage layers offer a promising and cost-effective alternative. These layers not only address seepage control but also manage nappe flow-induced erosion, potentially reducing construction and maintenance costs. Despite extensive research on their role in seepage control, a gap remains in understanding their effectiveness against overtopping-induced erosion, particularly in managing reverse flow. Existing studies often address seepage control or nappe flow erosion separately, overlooking the integrated impact of these layers. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the performance of horizontal drainage layers under simulated overtopping conditions. The research involves two series of experiments, Series I: Focuses on newly built levees equipped with full (HD15L50 and HD25L50, where the thicknesses are 15 and 25 cm, respectively, with a horizontal drainage layer length of 50 cm and a crest length of 40 cm), partial length (HD15L40 and HD25L40), and short/reduced length (HD15L30 and HD25L30). The results showed that full-length layers reduce erosion inside the levee body and foundation by almost 100% and enhance levee stability due to their superior ability to dissipate hydraulic energy. Series II: Investigates practical solutions for retrofitting existing levees using shorter drainage layers with extended crests and gauzed sheets (HD15L15L30C60GH and HD25L30C60GH, where the thicknesses are 15 and 25 cm, the drainage length is 30 cm, and the crest is extended to 60 cm with gauzed sheets). Although shorter layers were less effective than full-length ones, extending the levee crest significantly improved their performance, achieving protection levels comparable to full-length layers, providing a valuable solution for upgrading existing levees. Overall, this study offers valuable insights by systematically evaluating and optimizing seepage control techniques. These findings can be directly applied to guide levee design, maintenance, and risk reduction strategies. This research contributes significantly to improving the resilience of levee systems against water pressure and ensuring their long-term stability.

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Evaluation of the Performance of the Horizontal Drain in Drainage of the Infiltrated Water from Slope Soil under Rainfall Conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Analytical Modeling of Unsaturated Soil Shear Strength during Water Infiltration for Different Initial Void Ratios

Analytical Modeling of Unsaturated Soil Shear Strength during Water Infiltration for Different Initial Void Ratios

Evaluating Transient Drawdown and Slope Stabilization from Horizontal Drain Installation

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Seepage Countermeasures and Retrofitting Strategies for Mitigating Nappe Flow-Induced Reverse Flow and Erosion for Overtopping Flow from a Levee

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