Evaluation of the Phoenix TRUCE Project: A Replication of Chicago CeaseFire

Fox, Andrew M.; Katz, Charles M.; Choate, David; Hedberg, E. C.

doi:10.1080/07418825.2014.902092

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Popular public health attempts, such as the Cure Violence model, aim to minimize community violence through identifying individuals at risk of violent behavior and enrolling them into programs to change their behavioral tendencies (Butts et al, 2015). However, the efficacy ranges from moderate reductions in gun violence to contradictory increases in gun violence following implementation (Skogan, 2009, Webster et al, 2013, Picard-Fritsche and Cerniglia, 2013, Fox et al, 2015, Wilson et al, 2011). Increasing police patrol at “hot spots” has also shown success, reducing gun violence by 49% in studied Kansas City areas (Sherman and Rogan, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel policing techniques decrease gun-violence and the cost to the healthcare system

Frisby

Kim

Schultz

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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The objective was to investigate the effects of novel policing techniques on hospital-observed incidence, healthcare utilization, mortality and costs associated with gun violence, from the perspective of a level-1 trauma center. An eight-year retrospective review evaluating the clinical and financial effects of gunshot wound (GSW) encounters between January 1st, 2010 and December 31st, 2017. Individuals who presented to the emergency department (Level-1 trauma center in Camden, NJ) between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017 with GSW (995 encounters) were included; however, patients with incomplete financial or medical record data were excluded (55 encounters). Patients were subdivided into two cohorts: before and after changes in policing tactics (May 1st, 2013). 940 total firearm-related encounters were included in the study. Following the policing changes, the hospital-observed quarterly incidence of GSW encounters decreased by 22% post-policing changes, 44.3 to 34.6 (p = 0.038). Average quarterly days spent in-house for GSW treatment decreased 220.7 to 151.3 (31%) days. Hospital observed mortality increased from 13.5% of presentations to 17.3% of presentations (p = 0.106). Total cost savings associated with the policing change was roughly $254,000 per quarter (p = 0.023). In areas susceptible to high rates of gun violence, similar novel policing tactics could significantly decrease hospital-observed incidence, costs and healthcare utilization demanded by firearm-related injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel policing techniques decrease gun-violence and the cost to the healthcare system

Frisby

Kim

Schultz

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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“…However, in one Baltimore neighborhood, violence-related homicides increased by 2.7 times following the implementation of Cure Violence (Webster et al 2012). The inconsistency in findings may be due to problems with program implementation across different neighborhoods (i.e., poor retainment of staff, lack of consistent funding, communication breakdowns, and limited data sharing; Fox et al 2015). Having been designed in the USA, where rates of gun violence among street gangs are high, Cure Violence places an inordinate focus on reducing gun-related offending (Butts et al 2015).…”

Section: Secondary Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street Gang Intervention: Review and Good Lives Extension

Mallion

Wood

2020

Social Sciences

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Tackling street gangs has recently been highlighted as a priority for public health. In this paper, the four components of a public health approach were reviewed: (1) surveillance, (2) identifying risk and protective factors, (3) developing and evaluating interventions at primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary intervention stages, and (4) implementation of evidence-based programs. Findings regarding the effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs for street gang members were mixed, with unclear goals/objectives, limited theoretical foundation, and a lack of consistency in program implementation impeding effectiveness at reducing street gang involvement. This paper proposes that the Good Lives Model (GLM), a strengths-based framework for offender rehabilitation, provides an innovative approach to street gang intervention. Utilizing approach-goals, the GLM assumes that improving an individual’s internal skills and external opportunities will reduce the need to become involved in street gangs. Wrapping the GLM framework around current evidence-based interventions (e.g., Functional Family Therapy) increases client engagement and motivation to change, which is notably poor amongst those at risk of, or involved in, street gangs.

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“…Cure Violence has been implemented in major urban areas across the U.S. with mixed findings. 18–23 Quasi-experimental evaluations in a small number of neighborhoods offer limited evidence, 18 while implementation obstacles such as absence of community leaders, limited early community buy-in, and problems associated with hiring high-risk individuals as staff may have limited its success 18 . Despite these limitations, there is strong interest in a community-based violence prevention program that does not rely on punishment, and addresses concerns about community acceptability and social justice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%