Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using<i> Vigna radiata</i> and<i> Allium cepa</i>

Haq, Izharul; Kumari, Vineeta; Kumar, Sumit; Raj, Abhay; Lohani, Mohtashim; Bhargava, Ram Naresh

doi:10.1155/2016/8065736

Cited by 46 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Stickiness is the indicator and also signifies high toxicity of dye which will lead to irreversibility of chromosomal aberrations and cell death (Alimba et al 2013). This result similar to the previous report, in which onion bulbs were exposed to pulp and paper mill effluent, induced chromosomal aberrations and nuclear abnormalities compared to the control bulbs (Haq et al 2016). This confirmed the interference of the chemicals presence in the dye, whereas the bulbs grown in treated dye solution did not show any inhibition effect on root elongation.…”

Section: Cytotoxicity Of the Treated And Untreated Bg Dyesupporting

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Untreated and Sargassum wightii-treated brilliant green dye toxicity impact on microflora and Allium cepa L.

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seaweed Sargassum wightii is one of the most important marine resources as they have biological activity. Numerous researchers have reported on brilliant green dye decolourization using various seaweed. Despite its impact on after treatment, little information is available on the effect of seaweed-treated dye toxicity against plants and microorganisms. The present investigation was carried out to assess the microbial toxicity of S. wightii-treated and untreated dye using various microorganisms and cytotoxicity effect on Allium cepa L. In this study, untreated dye which has substantial amount of the colour in it exhibited significant toxic effect against major gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The clear zone of inhibition exhibited by the untreated dye around bacterial and fungal colonies reflects its extent of microbial toxicity and infers that the untreated dye has antibacterial and antifungal activity. No inhibition zones were observed with treated dye when compared with the untreated dye. Consequently, treated dye does not exhibit microbial toxicity due to the complete absence of the dye in it. Cytotoxicity study on A. cepa grown in untreated dye solution showed decrease in root growth, increase in the mitotic index and chromosomal damage, whereas A. cepa bulbs grown in seaweed-treated dye showed betterment in root growth, increase in the mitotic index and decrease in chromosomal damage. Results of the cytotoxicity study indicated the untreated dye solution exerts toxic effect on A. cepa, whereas treated dye solution did not pose any toxic effect. This indirectly proves the efficiency of marine algae in complete removal of the dye from the present study. Thus, worldwide awareness of dye removal from aqueous solution and its management could be provoked.

show abstract

Section: Cytotoxicity Of the Treated And Untreated Bg Dyesupporting

confidence: 90%

“…After washing, the root tips were cut and fixed in absolute alcohol and glaciel acetic acid (3:1) for 12 h (Haq et al 2016). After that, the root meristems were cut and stained with 0.5% acetocarmine for 5 min without hydrolysis.…”

Section: Collection and Preparation Of Onion Bulbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untreated and Sargassum wightii-treated brilliant green dye toxicity impact on microflora and Allium cepa L.

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Significant reduction in radicle length (75.37%) and plumule length (83.6%) was observed at 100% (v/v) wastewater and biomass of 25.49, 53.69, 61.90, 69.01, and 74.41% at 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100% (v/v), respectively as compared to control (Table 10). Haq et al (2016) found that diluted effluents (12.5-50%) had not affected V. radiata seed Table 6. Reversion of Salmonella tester strains in the presence of n-hexane extracted wastewater samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Seed germination assay was performed by the method of Haq et al (2016) with some modifications. Black gram seeds (Vigna mungo L.) were sterilized using 70% ethanol followed by 3% sodium hypochlorite solution (each for 3 min) and then washed with sterile double distilled water.…”

Section: Vigna Mungo Phytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyto-genotoxic potential of petroleum refinery wastewater mixed with domestic sewage used for irrigation of food crops in the vicinity of an oil refinery

Khatoon¹,

Malik²

2021

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Petroleum refinery wastewater combined with domestic sewage were collected from the open channel in the vicinity of Mathura oil refinery, UP (India) and analysed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for elemental analysis and organic pollutants, respectively. Several potentially toxic and non-toxic elements were found to be present in the wastewater samples. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several organic contaminants including pesticides. Wastewater samples were extracted using amberlite XAD4/8 resins and liquid-liquid extraction procedures using different organic solvents. The extracts were tested for their cyto-genotoxic potential using bacterial (Salmonella mutagenicity test, E. coli K-12 DNA repair defective mutants, Bacteriophage λ assay) and plant (Vigna mungo phytotoxicity test, Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay) systems. A significant increase was observed in the number of revertants of TA97a, TA98 and TA100 strains with the test samples and XAD concentrated samples were found to be more mutagenic than liquid-liquid extracts. Colony forming units (CFUs) of DNA repair defective mutants of E. coli K-12 recA, lexA and polA declined significantly as compared to their isogenic wild-type counterparts with the test samples. Significant reduction in plaque forming units (PFUs) of bacteriophage λ was also found on treatment with the solvent extracts. Presence of several toxic pollutants in the wastewater apply prohibitive action on the seed germination process. Germination rate of Vigna mungo seeds as well as radicle and plumule lengths were found to be affected when treated with different concentration of wastewater as compared to control. Present study also indicated concentration dependent reduction in mitotic index of A. cepa i.e., 16.38% at 5% and 9.74% at 100% wastewater and percentage of aberrant cells were highest at 100% effluent. Present findings indicated that mutagenicity/genotoxicity of wastewater is due to the mixture of genotoxins; poses serious hazards to the receiving waterbodies which require continuous monitoring and remedial measures for their improvement.

show abstract

“…According to Pathiratne et al, the most frequent and easily recognizable chromosomal abnormality in the Allium cepa root meristematic cells was vagrant chromosomes [18]. Chromosomal adherence may occur due to the increased chromosomal contraction and condensation [23]. According to the Fiskesjo, presence of chromosomal adherence is considered as a common sign of toxic effects on chromosomes [24].…”

Section: Allium Cepa Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Allium cepa Induced by Treated Textile Effluents: Spatial and Temporal Variations

Wijeyaratne

Wickramasinghe

2020

Journal of Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Appropriate effluent treatment processes are expected to significantly reduce the toxicity of effluents before they are released to the natural environment. The present study was aimed to assess the spatial and temporal variations of the physical and chemical water quality parameters of a natural water body receiving treated textile effluents and to assess the chromosomal abnormalities induced by the treated textile effluents. Four sampling sites (A: effluent discharge point; B: 100 m downstream from site A along the tributary; C: 200 m downstream from site A along the tributary; D: 100 m upstream from site A along the tributary) were selected associated to a tributary that received treated textile effluent. The physical and chemical water quality parameters were measured in the composite water samples collected from the study sites, and Allium cepa bioassay was conducted using aged tap water as the control. Sampling was conducted in both rainy and dry seasons. The conductivity, TDS, COD, and colour intensity of the water samples collected from the study sites were significantly higher during the dry season compared to those in the rainy season. Allium cepa root meristematic cells exposed to water samples from sites A, B, and C showed a significantly high interphase and prophase indices compared to those exposed to aged tap water and upstream site during both rainy and dry seasons. The mitotic index of the root tip cells of Allium cepa bulbs exposed to the water samples collected from the effluent discharge point (site A) and from the 100 m downstream site from site A (site B) was significantly lower than that of the other sites in both rainy and dry seasons. However, the mitotic index of the root tip cells of Allium cepa bulbs exposed to the water samples from the upstream site was not significantly different from that of the control treatment during both sampling seasons. The bioassay indicated that the mitotic index and phase index of the root meristematic cells of Allium cepa can be affected by the treated textile effluents released to the water body and the occurrence of C metaphase, chromosomal adherence, bridges, disturbed anaphase, vagrant chromosomes, and chromosomal breaks indicated that the treated textile effluent receiving tributary can possibly contain genotoxic and mutagenic compounds which can induce chromosomal abnormalities.

show abstract

Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

Cited by 46 publications

References 39 publications

Untreated and Sargassum wightii-treated brilliant green dye toxicity impact on microflora and Allium cepa L.

Untreated and Sargassum wightii-treated brilliant green dye toxicity impact on microflora and Allium cepa L.

Cyto-genotoxic potential of petroleum refinery wastewater mixed with domestic sewage used for irrigation of food crops in the vicinity of an oil refinery

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Allium cepa Induced by Treated Textile Effluents: Spatial and Temporal Variations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About