Evaluation of the position and morphology of tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II malocclusion based on cone beam computed tomography

Abstract

Background The aim of the study was to analyze the morphology and position of the tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II patients with different vertical growth patterns by cone beam computed tomography in comparison to skeletal Class I patients. Methods Ninety subjects with malocclusion were divided into skeletal Class II and Class I groups by ANB angles. Based on different vertical growth patterns, subjects in each group were divided into 3 subgroups: high-angle group (MP-FH ≥ 32.0°), average-angle group (22.0° ≤ MP-FH < 32°) and low-angle group (MP-FH < 22°). The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were evaluated in the cone beam computed tomography images. The independent Student’s t‐test was used to compare the position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone between skeletal Class I and Class II groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the measurement indexes of different vertical facial patterns in each group. Results Patients in skeletal Class II group had lower tongue posture, and the tongue body was smaller than that of those in the Class I group (P < 0.05). The position of the hyoid bone was lower in the skeletal Class II group than in Class I group (P < 0.05). The tongue length and H-Me in the skeletal Class I group with a low angle were significantly larger than those with an average angle and high angle (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the position or morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone in the skeletal Class II group with different vertical facial patterns (P > 0.05). Conclusion Patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion have lower tongue posture, a smaller tongue body, and greater occurrence of posterior inferior hyoid bone position than skeletal Class I patients. The length of the mandibular body in skeletal Class I patients with a horizontal growth type is longer. The position and morphology of the tongue and hyoid bone were not greatly affected by vertical facial development in skeletal Class II patients.

Hyoid Bone Position in Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthrosis: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Cephalometric Analysis

“…Future longitudinal studies are necessary to clarify the causal relationship. Additionally, the hyoid bone and cranium measurements were two-dimensional, and three-dimensional measurements could be used to explore the relationship between the bilateral TMJ and the position and size of the hyoid bone [ 32 ].…”

Diferencias en el comportamiento glótico y supraglótico y en la estructura de los pliegues vocales entre mujeres con odinofonía y asintomáticas

“…Esto se debería a las relaciones musculares que entrega el triángulo hioideo (Lowell, Kelley, Colton, Smith, & Portnoy, 2012). En este caso, el patrón esqueletal, la posición de la lengua o la postura cervical, pueden mantener a este hueso elevado y provocar cambios supraglóticos naturales y funcionales (Şahin Sağlam & Uydas, 2006;Urzal, Braga, & Ferreira, 2014;Chen, Mou, Qian, & Qian, 2021). Tanto el grado de entrenamiento vocal, como aspectos craneocervicales o estomatognáticos no fueron evaluados en las mujeres participantes en esta investigación, lo que se convierte en una importante limitación para estimar con mayor precisión la aparición de compresiones supraglóticas en el G1.…”

Three-dimensional evaluation of hyoid bone position in nasal and mouth breathing subjects with skeletal Class I, and Class II

“…Sample size was calculated using a formula proposed by Pandis [19] with power = 80%, level of significance = 0.05, to detect a difference of 4.44 mm in H-V distance between MB and NB and standard deviation = 4.2 mm [13]. We found that 14 subjects on each subgroup would be sufficient.…”

“…CBCT offered more precise information than lateral cephalogram (LC) [12]. Most previous studies used LC to determine HBP, and few of them used CBCT [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, the effect of breathing mode on HBP using CBCT has never been studied previously.…”