Evaluation of the postural balance and visual perception in young adults with acute sleep deprivation

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Few studies have suggested a relationship between vestibular system and sleep deprivation. The aaim of the present study is to investigate the effects of acute sleep deprivation lasting 24 hours or more on the postural balance and the visual abilities related to the vestibular system in healthy young adults. METHODS: Thirty-one healthy young adults (8 males, 23 female; ages 18– 36 years) who had experienced at least 24 hours of sleep deprivation were included in the study. Subjects made two visits to the test laboratory. One visit was scheduled during a sleep deprivation (SD) condition, and the other was scheduled during a daily life (DL) condition. Five tests— the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Static Visual Acuity Test (SVA), Minimum Perception Time Test (mPT), Dynamic Visual Acuity Test (DVA), and Gaze Stabilization Test (GST)— were performed using a Computerized Dynamic Posturography System. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between SD and DL measurements in in somatosensorial (p = 0.003), visual (p = 0.037), vestibular (p = 0.008) ratios, and composite scores (p = 0.001) in SOT. The mPT results showed a statistically significant difference between SD and DL conditions (p = 0.001). No significant difference was found between SD and DL conditions in the comparison of the mean SVA (p = 0.466), DVA (p = 0.192), and GST head velocity values (p = 0.160). CONCLUSIONS: Sleep deprivation has a considerable impact on the vestibular system and visual perception time in young adults. Increased risk of accidents and performance loss after SD were thought to be due to the postural control and visual processing parameters rather than dynamic visual parameters of the vestibular system.

Altered stability of brain functional architecture after sleep deprivation: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

“…The primary findings were as follows. (1) The neurocognitive assessment revealed that SD affected the multiple domains of neurocognitive function, such as perception, sustained attention, visuomotor coordination, visuospatial memory, and working memory, which was in line with prior studies ( Dixit et al, 2012 ; Gosselin et al, 2017 ; Batuk et al, 2020 ). (2) Subjects with SD principally exhibited a decreased FS value in several cognition-related areas (including the medial frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus) and cerebellum posterior lobe; but subjects with SD showed an increased FS value in the sensorimotor-related areas (including the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area), visual regions (including the fusiform gyrus and inferior occipital gyrus), parahippocampal gyrus, and cerebellum anterior lobe.…”

Is Balance Control Affected by Sleep Deprivation? A Systematic Review of the Impact of Sleep on the Control of Balance

“…Only five studies analyzed the effects of chronic SD (Karita et al, 2006 ; Sargent et al, 2012 ; Siu et al, 2015 ; Furtado et al, 2016 ; Umemura et al, 2018 ). A few studies checked the sleep before the tests with a self-administered questionnaire (Karita et al, 2006 ; Cuthbertson et al, 2015 ), polysomnography and sleep diary (Robillard et al, 2011a , b ), only sleep diary (Aguiar and Barela, 2014 ; Pham et al, 2014 ; Batuk et al, 2020 ), actimetry, sleep diary and polysomnography (Sargent et al, 2012 ), only actimetry (Siu et al, 2015 ) or actimetry and questionnaires (Smith et al, 2012 ; Furtado et al, 2016 ; Umemura et al, 2018 ) ( Supplementary Table 3 ). Some studies measured chronic SD using specific protocols.…”

“…Sensory perturbation was included in many studies, suppressing or distorting visual and/or somatosensory inputs (see Supplementary Table 5 ): eyes open (EO) (Gribble and Hertel, 2004 ; Haeggstrom et al, 2004 , 2006 ; Sekine and Takahashi, 2005 ; Forsman et al, 2007a , b , 2008a , b , 2010a , b ; Aguiar and Barela, 2014 , 2015 ; Batuk et al, 2020 ) or eyes open and closed (EC) (Uimonen et al, 1994 ; Liu et al, 2001 ; Nakano et al, 2001 ; Fabbri et al, 2006 ; Karita et al, 2006 ; Sobeih et al, 2006 ; Morad et al, 2007 ; Gomez et al, 2008 ; Patel et al, 2008 ; Ma et al, 2009 ; Bougard et al, 2011 ; Robillard et al, 2011a , b ; Albuquerque et al, 2012 ; Sargent et al, 2012 ; Smith et al, 2012 ; Pham et al, 2014 ; Furtado et al, 2016 ; Narciso et al, 2016 ); with external sensory stimuli (Uimonen et al, 1994 ; Schlesinger et al, 1998 ; Sekine and Takahashi, 2005 ; Avni et al, 2006 ; Gomez et al, 2008 ; Patel et al, 2008 ; Cuthbertson et al, 2015 ). In addition, in some studies the participants performed a dual task (Schlesinger et al, 1998 ; Sekine and Takahashi, 2005 ; Sobeih et al, 2006 ; Ma et al, 2009 ; Robillard et al, 2011a , b ).…”

Investigations Concerning the Influence of Sleep Disorders on Postural Stability in Young Men

“…The effect of sleep deprivation on visual perception in young people is similarly documented. Batuk et al [ 26 ] showed that there was an increased risk of falls and loss of dexterity in balance control following sleep deprivation. The authors suggested that this is due to abnormalities in the processing of the visual signal, but not from disturbed atrial signals.…”