Evaluation of the Protoscolicidal Effectiveness of Hypertonic Saline, Silver Nitrate, Ethanol, Using Sponge Pad Method and In-jecting into Fertile Hydatid Cysts

Abstract

Background: We aimed to evaluate currently protoscolices agents by using two methods including injection and impregnated sponges with protoscolices agents.
 Methods: Hypertonic saline 20%, silver nitrate 0.5% and Ethanol 96% were injected into sheep hydatid cysts. Then, after different exposure times (5, 10, and 15 min), the protoscolices were aspirated from the cyst and viability of the protoscolices were evaluated microscopically using vital staining. In the second part, the live protoscolices were sprayed on the soaked sponge with the mentioned protoscolicidal agents. After different exposure times live protoscolices were counted microscopically. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for showing difference significant between studied groups.
 Results: Cyst injection method showed that ethanol, Nacl and AgNo3 have 80%, 60% and 6% protoscolocidal efficacy, respectively (P<0.05). In sponge method the most and fastest protoscolocidal efficacy were observed in all used protoscolicidal agents.
 Conclusion: Ethanol and NaCl and AgNo3 with sponge method is more effective than the injection of protoscolices agents in the cyst.

Laparoscopic Management of Multiple Liver, Omental, Mesenteric, Peritoneal, and Round Ligament Hydatid Cysts—A Rare Report of a Case and a Systematic Literature Review

“…The WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (WHOIWGE) recommends hypertonic saline 20% as the optimal protoscolicidal agent in surgery and either hypertonic saline 20% or ethyl alcohol 95% in PAIR, as these substances are effective with fewer complications [5,42,43].…”

Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Thigh: Atypical Location and Perioperative Strategies to Minimize Recurrence After Accidental Cyst Rupture

“…Surgical excision remains the preferred treatment method, and postoperative antihelminthic therapy (albendazole) is administered to prevent recurrence [14,15]. Intraoperative safety precautions involve using fields of hypertonic saline or hydrogen peroxide applied to the wound borders to reduce the risk of recurrence [16][17][18][19]. Local recurrence rates may vary, and in cases with inadequate surgical margins or intraoperative cyst rupture, as seen in this case, they could be as high as 12.4% [20].…”

Parenchyma Preserving Surgery in the Management of Giant Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst Complicated by Endobronchial Rupture in Children: Case Report

“…Although surgical procedures have shown satisfactory results in the treatment of hydatid cysts, there is a risk of developing secondary infections, with recurrence rates ranging from 2 to 25% of patients. In this context, particular attention has been paid to scolicidal agents used for intraoperative inactivation of the germinal elements of the hydatid larvocyst and determination of the eff ective exposure time [21,22]. In addition to the scolicidal substances known and used in practice [21], several recent studies have reported, as an alternative option, the use of scolicidal agents of plant origin [23,24], nanoparticles of silver, iron, copper, selenium, etc.…”

“…In this context, particular attention has been paid to scolicidal agents used for intraoperative inactivation of the germinal elements of the hydatid larvocyst and determination of the eff ective exposure time [21,22]. In addition to the scolicidal substances known and used in practice [21], several recent studies have reported, as an alternative option, the use of scolicidal agents of plant origin [23,24], nanoparticles of silver, iron, copper, selenium, etc. [25,26], the venom peptides of some scorpion species [27,28], although the results obtained are still in the stage of desideratum.…”