Evaluation of the Radiation Shielding Properties of a Tellurite Glass System Modified with Sodium Oxide

Abstract

In this study, the X-ray and gamma attenuation characteristics and optical properties of a synthesized tellurite–phosphate–sodium oxide glass system with a composition of (85 − x)TeO2–10P2O5–xNa2O mol% (where x = 15, 20, and 25) were evaluated. The glass systems we re fabricated by our research group using quenching melt fabrication. The shielding parameters of as-synthesized systems, such as the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), half-value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), and effective electron density (Neff) in a wide energy range between 15 keV and 15 MeV, were estimated using well-known PHY-X/PSD software and recently developed MIKE software. Herein, the optical parameters of prepared glasses, such as molar volume (VM), oxygen molar volume (VO), oxygen packing density (OPD), molar polarizability(αm), molar refractivity (Rm), reflection loss (RL), and metallization (M), were estimated using MIKE software. Furthermore, the shielding performance of the prepared glasses was compared with that of commonly used standard glass shielding materials. The results show that the incorporation of sodium oxide into the matrix TeO2/P2O5 with an optimum concentration can yield a glass system with good shielding performance as well as good optical and physical properties, especially at low photon energy.

Investigation of the Efficiency of Shielding Gamma and Electron Radiation Using Glasses Based on TeO2-WO3-Bi2O3-MoO3-SiO to Protect Electronic Circuits from the Negative Effects of Ionizing Radiation

“…Figure 2 d shows the results of changing the value of Z eff depending on the energy of shielded gamma rays, calculated according to the methodology proposed in [ 27 , 33 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

“…Finally, it should be noted that in recent years, the research and development of various combinations of glass, polymer, and nanoparticle compositions for radiation protection has become a highly topical, and as a result, many different glass combinations have been successfully synthesized and evaluated [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Electronic and optical properties of Na2O doped P2O5-TeO2− CoO-ZnO glasses

“…Mean distance between TMIs, R=(1/N) 1/3 [5], small polaron radius rp=(1/2)(𝜋/6N) 1/3 [18], oxygen packing density (OPD)= 1000 C 𝜌 𝑚 [18]. The decrease in R, rp and OPD can be attributing to the decrease in density with incorporation of Na2O [14,19].…”

“…Urbach energy of localized states (ΔE) has been estimated from the slope of the linear fits of the graphs of ln(α) versus (hα), depicted in figure 9. The relation between Urbach energy (ΔE) and absorption coefficient α(ʋ) is given as [14], α (υ) = B exp (hυ / ΔE) (8) Where, B is the constant. The obtained band gap values (direct and indirect) and Urbach energy (ΔE) are tabulated in table 3.…”

“…Optical and dielectric characteristics of phosphotellurite glasses were reported [13]. Sodium doped P2O5-TeO2 glasses were evaluated for Optical and gamma attenuation properties [14].…”