Evaluation of the relationships between dietary restraint, emotional eating, and intuitive eating moderated by sex

Smith, Jamie M.; Serier, Kelsey N.; Belon, Katherine E.; Sebastian, Riley M.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104817

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These findings might be related to an increase in the fear of weight gain among our female subjects (60). Further, females might have a higher level of emotional eating compared to males (61). The higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among our male students might put them at an increased risk of developing NCDs and the related metabolic risk factors (62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Health promotion and the incorporation of health-protective behaviors in people's lifestyles have a great role in enhancing individuals' overall health and well-being. College students are at increased risk of developing unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted to assess the health-risk behaviors among undergraduate college students at Jordan University of Science and Technology.Methods: The final sample included 136 students, with a mean age of 21.1 ± 2.37 years, mostly females (69%). A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection about dietary and lifestyle behaviors among college students. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: sociodemographic characteristics, body weight classifications, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary patterns and intake, and eating behaviors.Results: Most of the students did not meet the daily recommendations for fruit (76%) and vegetable (82%) intake. Males were significantly consuming fast food more frequently (p = 0.019), and smoked cigarettes (p < 0.001) or hookah (p = 0.015) more frequently than did females. Further, the majority met the recommendations for physical activity (81%), but exceeded recommendations for sedentary behavior. Females were more likely to have normal weight or be underweight (OR = 4.865), to have a fear of weight gain (OR = 3.387), and to have the recommended sleeping hours (OR = 7.685) than were males.Conclusion: The results indicate the health-risk behaviors and the gender-related differences among college students.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the reasons for the strong gender differential are unclear from this analysis, past studies have noted that females are less likely to eat in response to hunger/satiety cues than males but were more responsive to external signals (e.g. stress) or rules (dieting) [49]. A previous study also noted that females have genetic predisposition for higher impulsivity and higher reward sensitivity, which are associated with dopamine dysregulation during comfort eating [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of negative emotional eating and its associated psychosocial factors among urban Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Emotional eating (EE), defined as eating in response to a range of emotions, has been previously associated with poor diet and obesity. Since there are limited data from non-Western populations, this study aims to examine the prevalence and factors associated with EE among urban Chinese university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 424 university students (aged 18–24 years) from two large universities in Hong Kong in 2019. Respondents completed an anonymous online questionnaire that contained background questions, an emotional eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21). Two-sample independent t-test and multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the association of study variables with negative emotional eating. Results There was over a three-fold higher likelihood of negative EE among females (14.8%) when compared with their male counterparts (4.5%) (OR = 3.7, p < 0.05). Having at least mild depressive symptoms was the only independent factor associated with negative EE among males (OR = 10.1) while for females, negative EE was independently associated with not having a romantic partner (OR = 3.45), having depressive symptoms (OR = 44.5), and having at least mild stress (OR = 5.65). Anxiety levels were not independently associated with negative EE for either gender. Both male and female students with negative EE had significantly lower self-perceived health scores, higher body mass index, and lower life satisfaction scores. Conclusions This study revealed that negative EE is prevalent among female Chinese university students and not uncommon among male students. Management of negative EE should be included as a component of university mental health promotion programmes in the region.

show abstract

“…Thus, emotional, restrictive, and external eating styles are relatively stable eating styles that can be identified in order to develop vulnerability profiles to make programs for preventing weight gain, binge eating, and fat intake during chronic stress. Moreover, this is especially relevant in women, since altered eating styles (e.g., emotional eating) are especially high in women, making them more vulnerable to have less healthy eating behaviors [ 54 ]. In this regard, health policies should study and early detect, on a large scale, the harmful effects of dysfunctional eating styles on disordered eating behaviors (e.g., binge eating, fat intake) and weight gain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating behaviors, eating styles and body mass index during COVID-19 confinement in a college sample: a predictive model

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background COVID-19 confinement affected lifestyles. There is inconclusive evidence about changes in eating patterns, and there are few studies on the impact on body mass index (BMI), the occurrence of dysfunctional behaviors (binge eating, fat intake), and the predictive role of maladaptive eating styles (emotional, external, and restrained eating). Objectives (1) To analyze the differences in binge eating, fat intake, BMI, and maladaptive eating styles before and during COVID-19 confinement, and (2) to analyze whether maladaptive eating styles (before confinement) predicted binge eating, fat intake, and BMI during confinement. Methods The sample consisted of 146 Spanish college students, divided into 104 females (71.2%; age: M = 22.20, SD = 2.97) and 42 males (28.8%; age: M = 24.74; SD = 3.53). All completed several dietary measures and BMI twice: before COVID-19 confinement (T1, November 2019) and during COVID-19 confinement (T2, April 2020). Results BMI and maladaptive eating styles did not change in T2 (vs. T1). However, binge eating and fat intake decreased in T2. Emotional eating at T1 positively predicted BMI and binge eating at T2. External eating at T1 positively (and marginally) predicted fat intake at T2. Restrained eating at T1 positively predicted binge eating at T2, and negatively (and marginally) predicted BMI and fat intake at T2. The model explained 80.5% of the variance in BMI, 41.5% of the variance in binge eating, and 25.8% of the variance in fat intake during COVID-19 confinement. Conclusions The COVID-19 confinement had a positive impact on some eating behaviors. Future policies should focus part of their prevention on maladaptive eating styles to curb dysfunctional eating behaviors and BMI problems in times of stress.

show abstract

Evaluation of the relationships between dietary restraint, emotional eating, and intuitive eating moderated by sex

Cited by 44 publications

References 47 publications

Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study

Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study

Prevalence of negative emotional eating and its associated psychosocial factors among urban Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study

Eating behaviors, eating styles and body mass index during COVID-19 confinement in a college sample: a predictive model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About