Evaluation of the renal effects of flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen and meloxicam in budgerigars (<i>Melopsittacus undulatus</i>)

Pereira, Márcia Elisa; Werther, Karin

doi:10.1136/vr.160.24.844

Cited by 52 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Biochemical analytes, Hct, and histology did not differ between meloxicam-and saline-treated controls. Likewise, a study in budgerigars found no evidence of renal damage after treatment with 0.1 mg/kg IM meloxicam once daily for 3 or 7 d, 16 and nonsignificant renal changes occurred in African grey parrots after 14 d of 0.5 mg/kg IM meloxicam twice daily. 11 Similarly, Japanese quail given 2 mg/kg IM meloxicam twice daily for 14 d lacked clinically relevant renal effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…12 Such results have caused numerous authors to emphasize the need for species-specific pharmacokinetic analyses before administering meloxicam to any bird. Additional concerns when giving an NSAID include the potential for renal damage, as reflected in uric acid levels and kidney histology, 16,17 and for gastrointestinal effects; with intramuscular administration, another potential sequela is necrosis at the injection site. As is often the case in laboratory animal medicine, giving meloxicam to zebra finches constitutes an extralabel use.We performed a study using healthy, adult zebra finches that entailed the administration of 1 or 2 mg/kg meloxicam intramuscularly to help elucidate an optimal dosing regimen, as well as to reveal any evidence of toxicity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intramuscular Meloxicam in Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

Miller

Hill

Carrasco

et al. 2019

j am assoc lab anim sci

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Zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) are songbirds that often undergo surgical procedures as part of research into learning and memory; these surgeries include those for intracranial injections and cranial implants. At our institution, birds receive subcutaneous lidocaine (a local anesthetic) and intramuscular buprenorphine (an opioid analgesic) preoperatively, with buprenorphine continued every 12 h postoperatively for 2 to 3 d. More recently, the possibility of substituting meloxicam (a COX2-selective NSAID) for buprenorphine, or adding meloxicam to the existing analgesia regimen for a more multimodal approach, has been suggested. The enhanced pain control derived from using lidocaine, buprenorphine, and meloxicam could be of particular benefit in finch surgeries that are particularly invasive or complicated. However, although meloxicam is the most popular NSAID used in birds, 7 the optimal dose and frequency for zebra finches are unknown. Publications that describe the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in diverse, nonpasserine avian species (doses ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 mg/kg IM, IV, SC, or PO) 1,2,6,8-10,12-15,18 report a wide range of elimination half-lifes (t 1/2 ). For example, vultures dosed once with 2 mg/ kg meloxicam IM had an elimination t 1/2 of 0.42 h, 15 whereas African grey parrots had a t 1/2 of 35.3 h after a dose of 1 mg/kg IM. 12 Such results have caused numerous authors to emphasize the need for species-specific pharmacokinetic analyses before administering meloxicam to any bird. Additional concerns when giving an NSAID include the potential for renal damage, as reflected in uric acid levels and kidney histology, 16,17 and for gastrointestinal effects; with intramuscular administration, another potential sequela is necrosis at the injection site. As is often the case in laboratory animal medicine, giving meloxicam to zebra finches constitutes an extralabel use.We performed a study using healthy, adult zebra finches that entailed the administration of 1 or 2 mg/kg meloxicam intramuscularly to help elucidate an optimal dosing regimen, as well as to reveal any evidence of toxicity. Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed after a single dose, whereas biochemical analytes, Hct, and histology were evaluated after multiple doses. Our findings are the first to characterize the use of meloxicam in a passerine species. Materials and MethodsAnimals. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 46) wildtype zebra finches older than 90 d were involved in the study; all the birds were in good health clinically and had adequate body condition scores. Finches were maintained in an AAALAC-accredited facility under a 12:12-h light:dark cycle, with temperatures from 73 to 77 °F (22.8 to 25.0 °C) and ambient humidity set at 30% to 70%. The main diet was a fortified millet-canary grass seed-oat mix (Supreme Fortified Daily Diet: Finch, Kaytee Products, Chilton, WI), to which a high-protein supplement (High Potency Mash, Harrison's Bird Foods, HBD International, Brentwood, TN), moistened and mixed with minced hard-boiled eggs, wa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intramuscular Meloxicam in Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

Miller

Hill

Carrasco

et al. 2019

j am assoc lab anim sci

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“…GI side effects have also been seen in equids treated with flunixin meglumine [ 25 ]. Renal pathology has been appreciated in multiple bird species treated with flunixin meglumine [ 26 ]. Despite these effects in other species, no clinical adverse effects or systemic histopathologic lesions were observed in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Transdermal Flunixin Meglumine Following a Single Dose in Marine Toads (Rhinella marina)

Scott

Louis

Balko

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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Transdermal administration is an important method of pharmacologic drug therapy in amphibians, made possible by their unique skin physiology and permeability. Despite this, there are relatively few studies that investigate transdermal pharmacokinetics in amphibians. The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of transdermal flunixin meglumine applied topically to marine toads (Rhinella marina). Twenty-one adult marine toads were administered flunixin meglumine (3.3 mg/kg) topically on their dorsum and randomized (n = 7/group) to blood collection at two timepoints from the following: 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours (h), using a sparse sampling protocol. Plasma was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were analyzed individually and reported as a mean of the samples at each timepoint. The mean peak plasma concentration was 6.31 µg/ml, area under the curve was 29.37 μg-h/mL, and elimination half-life was 2.79 h. No adverse effects were noted in any animals. A subset of 12 animals were euthanized at serial timepoints and necropsied. Histopathology of skin and major organs revealed one minimal superficial lesion in a single toad potentially attributable to flunixin meglumine administration; otherwise, no other treatment-related lesions were observed in 11 of 12 toads. A single topical dose of transdermal flunixin meglumine was rapidly absorbed in marine toads in the current study, and peak plasma concentrations exceeded therapeutic ranges established in cattle with no significant pathologic findings.

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“…Par exemple, l'étude de Guenther et al (2010b) (Oaks et al, 2004). Les auteurs de cette hypothèse se fondent notamment sur des résultats d'essais expérimentaux sur vautours à dos blanc (Gyps bengalensis) maintenus en volières (espèce souffrant pourtant d'un mauvais état de conservation), à qui (Kirchgessner, 2006 ;Pereira et Werther, 2007 ;Swarup et al, 2007 ;Naidoo et al, 2010). Toutefois, la démonstration de l'effet toxique de ces AINS chez les vautours est complexe.…”

Section: Surveillance Renforcée D'une Espèce Ciblée à Travers Deux Exunclassified

Faune sauvage, biodiversité et santé, quels défis ?

Morand¹,

Moutou²,

Richomme³

2014

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Evaluation of the renal effects of flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen and meloxicam in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Cited by 52 publications

References 5 publications

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intramuscular Meloxicam in Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intramuscular Meloxicam in Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia guttata)

Pharmacokinetics of Transdermal Flunixin Meglumine Following a Single Dose in Marine Toads (Rhinella marina)

Faune sauvage, biodiversité et santé, quels défis ?

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